/* $Id: biossums.c 106061 2024-09-16 14:03:52Z vboxsync $ */ /** @file * Tool for modifying a BIOS image to write the BIOS checksum. */ /* * Copyright (C) 2006-2024 Oracle and/or its affiliates. * * This file is part of VirtualBox base platform packages, as * available from https://www.virtualbox.org. * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License * as published by the Free Software Foundation, in version 3 of the * License. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, see . * * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only */ #include #include #include #include #include #ifndef RT_OS_WINDOWS # include /* unlink */ #endif typedef unsigned char uint8_t; static uint8_t abBios[64*1024]; static FILE *g_pIn = NULL; static FILE *g_pOut = NULL; static const char *g_pszOutFile = NULL; static const char *g_argv0; /** * Find where the filename starts in the given path. */ static const char *name(const char *pszPath) { const char *psz = strrchr(pszPath, '/'); #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__OS2__) const char *psz2 = strrchr(pszPath, '\\'); if (!psz2) psz2 = strrchr(pszPath, ':'); if (psz2 && (!psz || psz2 > psz)) psz = psz2; #endif return psz ? psz + 1 : pszPath; } /** * Report an error. */ static int fatal(const char *pszFormat, ...) { va_list va; fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", name(g_argv0)); va_start(va, pszFormat); vfprintf(stderr, pszFormat, va); va_end(va); /* clean up */ if (g_pIn) fclose(g_pIn); if (g_pOut) fclose(g_pOut); if (g_pszOutFile) unlink(g_pszOutFile); return 1; } /** * Calculate the checksum. */ static uint8_t calculateChecksum(uint8_t *pb, size_t cb, size_t iChecksum) { uint8_t u8Sum = 0; size_t i; for (i = 0; i < cb; i++) if (i != iChecksum) u8Sum += pb[i]; return -u8Sum; } /** * Find a header in the binary. * * @param pb Where to search for the signature * @param cb Size of the search area * @param pbHeader Pointer to the start of the signature * @returns 0 if signature was not found, 1 if found or * 2 if more than one signature was found */ static int searchHeader(uint8_t *pb, size_t cb, const char *pszHeader, uint8_t **pbHeader) { int fFound = 0; unsigned int i; size_t cbSignature = strlen(pszHeader); for (i = 0; i < cb; i += 16) if (!memcmp(pb + i, pszHeader, cbSignature)) { if (fFound++) return 2; *pbHeader = pb + i; } return fFound; } int main(int argc, char **argv) { FILE *pIn, *pOut; size_t cbIn, cbOut; int fAdapterBios = 0; int fPIRQRequired = 0; int fBIOS32Required = 0; int fSMBIOSRequired = 0; g_argv0 = argv[0]; while ((argc > 1) && (argv[1][0] == '-')) { if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-3")) fBIOS32Required = 1; else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-p")) fPIRQRequired = 1; else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s")) fSMBIOSRequired = 1; else return fatal("Invalid parameter: %s\n", argv[1]); argc--; argv++; } if (argc != 3) return fatal("Input file name and output file name required.\n"); pIn = g_pIn = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); if (!pIn) return fatal("Error opening '%s' for reading (%s).\n", argv[1], strerror(errno)); pOut = g_pOut = fopen(argv[2], "wb"); if (!pOut) return fatal("Error opening '%s' for writing (%s).\n", argv[2], strerror(errno)); g_pszOutFile = argv[2]; /* safety precaution (aka. complete paranoia :-) */ memset(abBios, 0, sizeof(abBios)); cbIn = fread(abBios, 1, sizeof(abBios), pIn); if (ferror(pIn)) return fatal("Error reading from '%s' (%s).\n", argv[1], strerror(errno)); g_pIn = NULL; fclose(pIn); fAdapterBios = abBios[0] == 0x55 && abBios[1] == 0xaa; /* align size to page size */ if ((cbIn % 4096) != 0) cbIn = (cbIn + 4095) & ~4095; if (!fAdapterBios && cbIn != 64*1024) return fatal("Size of system BIOS is not 64KB!\n"); if (fAdapterBios) { /* adapter BIOS */ /* set the length indicator */ abBios[2] = (uint8_t)(cbIn / 512); } else { /* system BIOS */ size_t cbChecksum; uint8_t u8Checksum; uint8_t *pbHeader; /* Set the BIOS32 header checksum. */ switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "_32_", &pbHeader)) { case 0: if (fBIOS32Required) return fatal("No BIOS32 header found!\n"); else break; case 2: return fatal("More than one BIOS32 header found!\n"); case 1: cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[9] * 16; u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, 10); pbHeader[10] = u8Checksum; break; } /* Set the PIR header checksum according to PCI IRQ Routing table * specification version 1.0, Microsoft Corporation, 1996 */ switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "$PIR", &pbHeader)) { case 0: if (fPIRQRequired) return fatal("No PCI IRQ routing table found!\n"); else break; case 2: return fatal("More than one PCI IRQ routing table found!\n"); case 1: cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[6] + (size_t)pbHeader[7] * 256; u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, 31); pbHeader[31] = u8Checksum; break; } /* Set the SMBIOS header checksum according to System Management BIOS * Reference Specification Version 2.5, DSP0134. */ switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "_SM_", &pbHeader)) { case 0: if (fBIOS32Required) return fatal("No SMBIOS header found!\n"); else break; case 2: return fatal("More than one SMBIOS header found!\n"); case 1: /* at first fix the DMI header starting at SMBIOS header offset 16 */ u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader+16, 15, 5); pbHeader[21] = u8Checksum; /* now fix the checksum of the whole SMBIOS header */ cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[5]; u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, 4); pbHeader[4] = u8Checksum; break; } /* If there is a VPD table, adjust its checksum. */ switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "\xAA\x55VPD", &pbHeader)) { case 0: break; /* VPD is optional */ case 2: return fatal("More than one VPD header found!\n"); case 1: cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[5]; if (cbChecksum < 0x30) return fatal("VPD size too small!\n"); u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, cbChecksum - 1); pbHeader[cbChecksum - 1] = u8Checksum; break; } } /* set the BIOS checksum */ abBios[cbIn-1] = calculateChecksum(abBios, cbIn, cbIn - 1); cbOut = fwrite(abBios, 1, cbIn, pOut); if (ferror(pOut)) return fatal("Error writing to '%s' (%s).\n", g_pszOutFile, strerror(errno)); g_pOut = NULL; if (fclose(pOut)) return fatal("Error closing '%s' (%s).\n", g_pszOutFile, strerror(errno)); return 0; }