tstVBoxAPIXPCOM.cpp@ 51574

Last change on this file since 51574 was 50339, checked in by vboxsync, 11 years ago
Main/testcase: beat some sense into the XPCOM sample code, it was meant to be standalone, and actually was anything but separately compilable due to using IPRT. Fixed the template which is used for building the code, so that this will not slip through again, letting it be so unusable for a long time.
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File size: 23.1 KB

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1	/** @file
2	*
3	* tstVBoxAPIXPCOM - sample program to illustrate the VirtualBox
4	* XPCOM API for machine management.
5	* It only uses standard C/C++ and XPCOM semantics,
6	* no additional VBox classes/macros/helpers.
7	*/
8
9	/*
10	* Copyright (C) 2006-2014 Oracle Corporation
11	*
12	* This file is part of VirtualBox Open Source Edition (OSE), as
13	* available from http://www.virtualbox.org. This file is free software;
14	* you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
15	* General Public License (GPL) as published by the Free Software
16	* Foundation, in version 2 as it comes in the "COPYING" file of the
17	* VirtualBox OSE distribution. VirtualBox OSE is distributed in the
18	* hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY of any kind.
19	*/
20
21	/*
22	* PURPOSE OF THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
23	* ------------------------------
24	*
25	* This sample program is intended to demonstrate the minimal code necessary
26	* to use VirtualBox XPCOM API for learning puroses only. The program uses
27	* pure XPCOM and doesn't have any extra dependencies to let you better
28	* understand what is going on when a client talks to the VirtualBox core
29	* using the XPCOM framework.
30	*
31	* However, if you want to write a real application, it is highly recommended
32	* to use our MS COM XPCOM Glue library and helper C++ classes. This way, you
33	* will get at least the following benefits:
34	*
35	* a) better portability: both the MS COM (used on Windows) and XPCOM (used
36	* everywhere else) VirtualBox client application from the same source code
37	* (including common smart C++ templates for automatic interface pointer
38	* reference counter and string data management);
39	* b) simpler XPCOM initialization and shutdown (only a single method call
40	* that does everything right).
41	*
42	* Currently, there is no separate sample program that uses the VirtualBox MS
43	* COM XPCOM Glue library. Please refer to the sources of stock VirtualBox
44	* applications such as the VirtualBox GUI frontend or the VBoxManage command
45	* line frontend.
46	*
47	*
48	* RUNNING THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
49	* ---------------------------
50	*
51	* This sample program needs to know where the VirtualBox core files reside
52	* and where to search for VirtualBox shared libraries. Therefore, you need to
53	* use the following (or similar) command to execute it:
54	*
55	* $ env VBOX_XPCOM_HOME=../../.. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../../.. ./tstVBoxAPIXPCOM
56	*
57	* The above command assumes that VBoxRT.so, VBoxXPCOM.so and others reside in
58	* the directory ../../..
59	*/
60
61
62	#include <stdio.h>
63	#include <stdlib.h>
64	#include <iconv.h>
65
66	/*
67	* Include the XPCOM headers
68	*/
69	#include <nsMemory.h>
70	#include <nsString.h>
71	#include <nsIServiceManager.h>
72	#include <nsEventQueueUtils.h>
73
74	#include <nsIExceptionService.h>
75
76	/*
77	* VirtualBox XPCOM interface. This header is generated
78	* from IDL which in turn is generated from a custom XML format.
79	*/
80	#include "VirtualBox_XPCOM.h"
81
82	/*
83	* Prototypes
84	*/
85
86	char nsIDToString(nsID guid);
87	void printErrorInfo();
88
89
90	/**
91	* Display all registered VMs on the screen with some information about each
92	*
93	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
94	*/
95	void listVMs(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
96	{
97	nsresult rc;
98
99	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n");
100	printf("VM List:\n\n");
101
102	/*
103	* Get the list of all registered VMs
104	*/
105	IMachine **machines = NULL;
106	PRUint32 machineCnt = 0;
107
108	rc = virtualBox->GetMachines(&machineCnt, &machines);
109	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
110	{
111	/*
112	* Iterate through the collection
113	*/
114	for (PRUint32 i = 0; i < machineCnt; ++ i)
115	{
116	IMachine *machine = machines[i];
117	if (machine)
118	{
119	PRBool isAccessible = PR_FALSE;
120	machine->GetAccessible(&isAccessible);
121
122	if (isAccessible)
123	{
124	nsXPIDLString machineName;
125	machine->GetName(getter_Copies(machineName));
126	char *machineNameAscii = ToNewCString(machineName);
127	printf("\tName: %s\n", machineNameAscii);
128	free(machineNameAscii);
129	}
130	else
131	{
132	printf("\tName: <inaccessible>\n");
133	}
134
135	nsXPIDLString iid;
136	machine->GetId(getter_Copies(iid));
137	const char *uuidString = ToNewCString(iid);
138	printf("\tUUID: %s\n", uuidString);
139	free((void*)uuidString);
140
141	if (isAccessible)
142	{
143	nsXPIDLString configFile;
144	machine->GetSettingsFilePath(getter_Copies(configFile));
145	char *configFileAscii = ToNewCString(configFile);
146	printf("\tConfig file: %s\n", configFileAscii);
147	free(configFileAscii);
148
149	PRUint32 memorySize;
150	machine->GetMemorySize(&memorySize);
151	printf("\tMemory size: %uMB\n", memorySize);
152
153	nsXPIDLString typeId;
154	machine->GetOSTypeId(getter_Copies(typeId));
155	IGuestOSType *osType = nsnull;
156	virtualBox->GetGuestOSType(typeId.get(), &osType);
157	nsXPIDLString osName;
158	osType->GetDescription(getter_Copies(osName));
159	char *osNameAscii = ToNewCString(osName);
160	printf("\tGuest OS: %s\n\n", osNameAscii);
161	free(osNameAscii);
162	osType->Release();
163	}
164
165	/* don't forget to release the objects in the array... */
166	machine->Release();
167	}
168	}
169	}
170	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n\n");
171	}
172
173	/**
174	* Create a sample VM
175	*
176	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
177	*/
178	void createVM(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
179	{
180	nsresult rc;
181	/*
182	* First create a unnamed new VM. It will be unconfigured and not be saved
183	* in the configuration until we explicitely choose to do so.
184	*/
185	nsCOMPtr<IMachine> machine;
186	rc = virtualBox->CreateMachine(NULL, /* settings file */
187	NS_LITERAL_STRING("A brand new name").get(),
188	0, nsnull, /* groups (safearray)*/
189	nsnull, /* ostype */
190	nsnull, /* create flags */
191	getter_AddRefs(machine));
192	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
193	{
194	printf("Error: could not create machine! rc=%#x\n", rc);
195	return;
196	}
197
198	/*
199	* Set some properties
200	*/
201	/* alternative to illustrate the use of string classes */
202	rc = machine->SetName(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16("A new name").get());
203	rc = machine->SetMemorySize(128);
204
205	/*
206	* Now a more advanced property -- the guest OS type. This is
207	* an object by itself which has to be found first. Note that we
208	* use the ID of the guest OS type here which is an internal
209	* representation (you can find that by configuring the OS type of
210	* a machine in the GUI and then looking at the <Guest ostype=""/>
211	* setting in the XML file. It is also possible to get the OS type from
212	* its description (win2k would be "Windows 2000") by getting the
213	* guest OS type collection and enumerating it.
214	*/
215	nsCOMPtr<IGuestOSType> osType;
216	rc = virtualBox->GetGuestOSType(NS_LITERAL_STRING("Windows2000").get(),
217	getter_AddRefs(osType));
218	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
219	{
220	printf("Error: could not find guest OS type! rc=%#x\n", rc);
221	}
222	else
223	{
224	machine->SetOSTypeId(NS_LITERAL_STRING("Windows2000").get());
225	}
226
227	/*
228	* Register the VM. Note that this call also saves the VM config
229	* to disk. It is also possible to save the VM settings but not
230	* register the VM.
231	*
232	* Also note that due to current VirtualBox limitations, the machine
233	* must be registered before we can attach hard disks to it.
234	*/
235	rc = virtualBox->RegisterMachine(machine);
236	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
237	{
238	printf("Error: could not register machine! rc=%#x\n", rc);
239	printErrorInfo();
240	return;
241	}
242
243	nsCOMPtr<IMachine> origMachine = machine;
244
245	/*
246	* In order to manipulate the registered machine, we must open a session
247	* for that machine. Do it now.
248	*/
249	nsCOMPtr<ISession> session;
250	nsCOMPtr<IMachine> sessionMachine;
251	{
252	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
253	rc = NS_GetComponentManager(getter_AddRefs(manager));
254	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
255	{
256	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%#x\n", rc);
257	return;
258	}
259	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID(NS_SESSION_CONTRACTID,
260	nsnull,
261	NS_GET_IID(ISession),
262	getter_AddRefs(session));
263	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
264	{
265	printf("Error, could not instantiate session object! rc=%#x\n", rc);
266	return;
267	}
268
269	rc = machine->LockMachine(session, LockType_Write);
270	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
271	{
272	printf("Error, could not lock the machine for the session! rc=%#x\n", rc);
273	return;
274	}
275
276	/*
277	* After the machine is registered, the initial machine object becomes
278	* immutable. In order to get a mutable machine object, we must query
279	* it from the opened session object.
280	*/
281	rc = session->GetMachine(getter_AddRefs(sessionMachine));
282	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
283	{
284	printf("Error, could not get machine session! rc=%#x\n", rc);
285	return;
286	}
287	}
288
289	/*
290	* Create a virtual harddisk
291	*/
292	nsCOMPtr<IMedium> hardDisk = 0;
293	rc = virtualBox->CreateHardDisk(NS_LITERAL_STRING("VDI").get(),
294	NS_LITERAL_STRING("/tmp/TestHardDisk.vdi").get(),
295	getter_AddRefs(hardDisk));
296	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
297	{
298	printf("Failed creating a hard disk object! rc=%#x\n", rc);
299	}
300	else
301	{
302	/*
303	* We have only created an object so far. No on disk representation exists
304	* because none of its properties has been set so far. Let's continue creating
305	* a dynamically expanding image.
306	*/
307	nsCOMPtr<IProgress> progress;
308	MediumVariant_T mediumVariants[] =
309	{ MediumVariant_Standard };
310	rc = hardDisk->CreateBaseStorage(100 * 1024 * 1024, // size in bytes
311	sizeof(mediumVariants) / sizeof(mediumVariants[0]), mediumVariants,
312	getter_AddRefs(progress)); // optional progress object
313	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
314	{
315	printf("Failed creating hard disk image! rc=%#x\n", rc);
316	}
317	else
318	{
319	/*
320	* Creating the image is done in the background because it can take quite
321	* some time (at least fixed size images). We have to wait for its completion.
322	* Here we wait forever (timeout -1) which is potentially dangerous.
323	*/
324	rc = progress->WaitForCompletion(-1);
325	PRInt32 resultCode;
326	progress->GetResultCode(&resultCode);
327	if (NS_FAILED(rc) \|\| NS_FAILED(resultCode))
328	{
329	printf("Error: could not create hard disk! rc=%#x\n",
330	NS_FAILED(rc) ? rc : resultCode);
331	}
332	else
333	{
334	/*
335	* Now that it's created, we can assign it to the VM.
336	*/
337	rc = sessionMachine->AttachDevice(
338	NS_LITERAL_STRING("IDE Controller").get(), // controller identifier
339	0, // channel number on the controller
340	0, // device number on the controller
341	DeviceType_HardDisk,
342	hardDisk);
343	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
344	{
345	printf("Error: could not attach hard disk! rc=%#x\n", rc);
346	}
347	}
348	}
349	}
350
351	/*
352	* It's got a hard disk but that one is new and thus not bootable. Make it
353	* boot from an ISO file. This requires some processing. First the ISO file
354	* has to be registered and then mounted to the VM's DVD drive and selected
355	* as the boot device.
356	*/
357	nsCOMPtr<IMedium> dvdImage;
358	rc = virtualBox->OpenMedium(NS_LITERAL_STRING("/home/vbox/isos/winnt4ger.iso").get(),
359	DeviceType_DVD,
360	AccessMode_ReadOnly,
361	false /* fForceNewUuid */,
362	getter_AddRefs(dvdImage));
363	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
364	printf("Error: could not open CD image! rc=%#x\n", rc);
365	else
366	{
367	/*
368	* Now assign it to our VM
369	*/
370	rc = sessionMachine->MountMedium(
371	NS_LITERAL_STRING("IDE Controller").get(), // controller identifier
372	2, // channel number on the controller
373	0, // device number on the controller
374	dvdImage,
375	PR_FALSE); // aForce
376	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
377	{
378	printf("Error: could not mount ISO image! rc=%#x\n", rc);
379	}
380	else
381	{
382	/*
383	* Last step: tell the VM to boot from the CD.
384	*/
385	rc = sessionMachine->SetBootOrder(1, DeviceType::DVD);
386	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
387	{
388	printf("Could not set boot device! rc=%#x\n", rc);
389	}
390	}
391	}
392
393	/*
394	* Save all changes we've just made.
395	*/
396	rc = sessionMachine->SaveSettings();
397	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
398	printf("Could not save machine settings! rc=%#x\n", rc);
399
400	/*
401	* It is always important to close the open session when it becomes not
402	* necessary any more.
403	*/
404	session->UnlockMachine();
405
406	IMedium **aMedia;
407	PRUint32 cMedia;
408	rc = machine->Unregister((CleanupMode_T)CleanupMode_DetachAllReturnHardDisksOnly,
409	&cMedia, &aMedia);
410	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
411	printf("Unregistering the machine failed! rc=%#x\n", rc);
412	else
413	{
414	nsCOMPtr<IProgress> pProgress;
415	rc = machine->DeleteConfig(cMedia, aMedia, getter_AddRefs(pProgress));
416	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
417	printf("Deleting of machine failed! rc=%#x\n", rc);
418	else
419	{
420	rc = pProgress->WaitForCompletion(-1);
421	PRInt32 resultCode;
422	pProgress->GetResultCode(&resultCode);
423	if (NS_FAILED(rc) \|\| NS_FAILED(resultCode))
424	printf("Failed to delete the machine! rc=%#x\n",
425	NS_FAILED(rc) ? rc : resultCode);
426	}
427	}
428	}
429
430	// main
431	///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
432
433	int main(int argc, char *argv[])
434	{
435	/*
436	* Check that PRUnichar is equal in size to what compiler composes L""
437	* strings from; otherwise NS_LITERAL_STRING macros won't work correctly
438	* and we will get a meaningless SIGSEGV. This, of course, must be checked
439	* at compile time in xpcom/string/nsTDependentString.h, but XPCOM lacks
440	* compile-time assert macros and I'm not going to add them now.
441	*/
442	if (sizeof(PRUnichar) != sizeof(wchar_t))
443	{
444	printf("Error: sizeof(PRUnichar) {%lu} != sizeof(wchar_t) {%lu}!\n"
445	"Probably, you forgot the -fshort-wchar compiler option.\n",
446	(unsigned long) sizeof(PRUnichar),
447	(unsigned long) sizeof(wchar_t));
448	return -1;
449	}
450
451	nsresult rc;
452
453	/*
454	* This is the standard XPCOM init procedure.
455	* What we do is just follow the required steps to get an instance
456	* of our main interface, which is IVirtualBox.
457	*
458	* Note that we scope all nsCOMPtr variables in order to have all XPCOM
459	* objects automatically released before we call NS_ShutdownXPCOM at the
460	* end. This is an XPCOM requirement.
461	*/
462	{
463	nsCOMPtr<nsIServiceManager> serviceManager;
464	rc = NS_InitXPCOM2(getter_AddRefs(serviceManager), nsnull, nsnull);
465	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
466	{
467	printf("Error: XPCOM could not be initialized! rc=%#x\n", rc);
468	return -1;
469	}
470
471	#if 0
472	/*
473	* Register our components. This step is only necessary if this executable
474	* implements XPCOM components itself which is not the case for this
475	* simple example.
476	*/
477	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentRegistrar> registrar = do_QueryInterface(serviceManager);
478	if (!registrar)
479	{
480	printf("Error: could not query nsIComponentRegistrar interface!\n");
481	return -1;
482	}
483	registrar->AutoRegister(nsnull);
484	#endif
485
486	/*
487	* Make sure the main event queue is created. This event queue is
488	* responsible for dispatching incoming XPCOM IPC messages. The main
489	* thread should run this event queue's loop during lengthy non-XPCOM
490	* operations to ensure messages from the VirtualBox server and other
491	* XPCOM IPC clients are processed. This use case doesn't perform such
492	* operations so it doesn't run the event loop.
493	*/
494	nsCOMPtr<nsIEventQueue> eventQ;
495	rc = NS_GetMainEventQ(getter_AddRefs(eventQ));
496	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
497	{
498	printf("Error: could not get main event queue! rc=%#x\n", rc);
499	return -1;
500	}
501
502	/*
503	* Now XPCOM is ready and we can start to do real work.
504	* IVirtualBox is the root interface of VirtualBox and will be
505	* retrieved from the XPCOM component manager. We use the
506	* XPCOM provided smart pointer nsCOMPtr for all objects because
507	* that's very convenient and removes the need deal with reference
508	* counting and freeing.
509	*/
510	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
511	rc = NS_GetComponentManager(getter_AddRefs(manager));
512	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
513	{
514	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%#x\n", rc);
515	return -1;
516	}
517
518	nsCOMPtr<IVirtualBox> virtualBox;
519	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID(NS_VIRTUALBOX_CONTRACTID,
520	nsnull,
521	NS_GET_IID(IVirtualBox),
522	getter_AddRefs(virtualBox));
523	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
524	{
525	printf("Error, could not instantiate VirtualBox object! rc=%#x\n", rc);
526	return -1;
527	}
528	printf("VirtualBox object created\n");
529
530	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
531	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
532	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
533
534
535	listVMs(virtualBox);
536
537	createVM(virtualBox);
538
539
540	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
541	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
542	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
543
544	/* this is enough to free the IVirtualBox instance -- smart pointers rule! */
545	virtualBox = nsnull;
546
547	/*
548	* Process events that might have queued up in the XPCOM event
549	* queue. If we don't process them, the server might hang.
550	*/
551	eventQ->ProcessPendingEvents();
552	}
553
554	/*
555	* Perform the standard XPCOM shutdown procedure.
556	*/
557	NS_ShutdownXPCOM(nsnull);
558	printf("Done!\n");
559	return 0;
560	}
561
562
563	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
564	//// Helpers
565	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
566
567	/**
568	* Helper function to convert an nsID into a human readable string
569	*
570	* @returns result string, allocated. Has to be freed using free()
571	* @param guid Pointer to nsID that will be converted.
572	*/
573	char nsIDToString(nsID guid)
574	{
575	char res = (char)malloc(39);
576
577	if (res != NULL)
578	{
579	snprintf(res, 39, "{%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x}",
580	guid->m0, (PRUint32)guid->m1, (PRUint32)guid->m2,
581	(PRUint32)guid->m3[0], (PRUint32)guid->m3[1], (PRUint32)guid->m3[2],
582	(PRUint32)guid->m3[3], (PRUint32)guid->m3[4], (PRUint32)guid->m3[5],
583	(PRUint32)guid->m3[6], (PRUint32)guid->m3[7]);
584	}
585	return res;
586	}
587
588	/**
589	* Helper function to print XPCOM exception information set on the current
590	* thread after a failed XPCOM method call. This function will also print
591	* extended VirtualBox error info if it is available.
592	*/
593	void printErrorInfo()
594	{
595	nsresult rc;
596
597	nsCOMPtr<nsIExceptionService> es;
598	es = do_GetService(NS_EXCEPTIONSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rc);
599	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
600	{
601	nsCOMPtr<nsIExceptionManager> em;
602	rc = es->GetCurrentExceptionManager(getter_AddRefs(em));
603	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
604	{
605	nsCOMPtr<nsIException> ex;
606	rc = em->GetCurrentException(getter_AddRefs(ex));
607	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc) && ex)
608	{
609	nsCOMPtr<IVirtualBoxErrorInfo> info;
610	info = do_QueryInterface(ex, &rc);
611	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc) && info)
612	{
613	/* got extended error info */
614	printf("Extended error info (IVirtualBoxErrorInfo):\n");
615	PRInt32 resultCode = NS_OK;
616	info->GetResultCode(&resultCode);
617	printf(" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
618	nsXPIDLString component;
619	info->GetComponent(getter_Copies(component));
620	printf(" component=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(component).get());
621	nsXPIDLString text;
622	info->GetText(getter_Copies(text));
623	printf(" text=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(text).get());
624	}
625	else
626	{
627	/* got basic error info */
628	printf("Basic error info (nsIException):\n");
629	nsresult resultCode = NS_OK;
630	ex->GetResult(&resultCode);
631	printf(" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
632	nsXPIDLCString message;
633	ex->GetMessage(getter_Copies(message));
634	printf(" message=%s\n", message.get());
635	}
636
637	/* reset the exception to NULL to indicate we've processed it */
638	em->SetCurrentException(NULL);
639
640	rc = NS_OK;
641	}
642	}
643	}
644	}

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source: vbox/trunk/src/VBox/Main/testcase/tstVBoxAPIXPCOM.cpp@ 51574

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