tstVBoxAPILinux.cpp@ 5806

Last change on this file since 5806 was 5501, checked in by vboxsync, 17 years ago
Main/XPCOM: Sorted out the XPCOM glue library usage: the standalone glue library is not used anymore (and should never be used when linking to the shared XPCOM library directly). This finally solved XPCOM symbol conflicts & mixups.
Property svn:eol-style set to `native` Property svn:keywords set to `Author Date Id Revision`
File size: 23.2 KB

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1	/** @file
2	*
3	* tstVBoxAPILinux - sample program to illustrate the VirtualBox
4	* XPCOM API for machine management on Linux.
5	* It only uses standard C/C++ and XPCOM semantics,
6	* no additional VBox classes/macros/helpers.
7	*/
8
9	/*
10	* Copyright (C) 2006-2007 innotek GmbH
11	*
12	* This file is part of VirtualBox Open Source Edition (OSE), as
13	* available from http://www.virtualbox.org. This file is free software;
14	* you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
15	* General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
16	* in version 2 as it comes in the "COPYING" file of the VirtualBox OSE
17	* distribution. VirtualBox OSE is distributed in the hope that it will
18	* be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY of any kind.
19	*/
20
21	/*
22	* PURPOSE OF THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
23	* ------------------------------
24	*
25	* This sample program is intended to demonstrate the minimal code necessary
26	* to use VirtualBox XPCOM API for learning puroses only. The program uses
27	* pure XPCOM and doesn't have any extra dependencies to let you better
28	* understand what is going on when a client talks to the VirtualBox core
29	* using the XPCOM framework.
30	*
31	* However, if you want to write a real application, it is highly recommended
32	* to use our MS COM XPCOM Glue library and helper C++ classes. This way, you
33	* will get at least the following benefits:
34	*
35	* a) better portability: both the MS COM (used on Windows) and XPCOM (used
36	* everywhere else) VirtualBox client application from the same source code
37	* (including common smart C++ templates for automatic interface pointer
38	* reference counter and string data management);
39	* b) simpler XPCOM initialization and shutdown (only a signle method call
40	* that does everything right).
41	*
42	* Currently, there is no separate sample program that uses the VirtualBox MS
43	* COM XPCOM Glue library. Please refer to the sources of stock VirtualBox
44	* applications such as the VirtualBox GUI frontend or the VBoxManage command
45	* line frontend.
46	*
47	*
48	* RUNNING THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
49	* ---------------------------
50	*
51	* This sample program needs to know where the VirtualBox core files reside
52	* and where to search for VirtualBox shared libraries. Therefore, you need to
53	* use the following (or similar) command to execute it:
54	*
55	* $ env VBOX_XPCOM_HOME=../../.. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../../.. ./tstVBoxAPILinux
56	*
57	* The above command assumes that VBoxRT.so, VBoxXPCOM.so and others reside in
58	* the directory ../../..
59	*/
60
61
62	#include <stdio.h>
63	#include <stdlib.h>
64	#include <iconv.h>
65	#include <errno.h>
66
67	/*
68	* Include the XPCOM headers
69	*/
70
71	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
72	#include <nsXPCOMGlue.h>
73	#endif
74
75	#include <nsMemory.h>
76	#include <nsString.h>
77	#include <nsIServiceManager.h>
78	#include <nsEventQueueUtils.h>
79
80	#include <nsIExceptionService.h>
81
82	/*
83	* VirtualBox XPCOM interface. This header is generated
84	* from IDL which in turn is generated from a custom XML format.
85	*/
86	#include "VirtualBox_XPCOM.h"
87
88	/*
89	* Prototypes
90	*/
91
92	char nsIDToString(nsID guid);
93	void printErrorInfo();
94
95
96	/**
97	* Display all registered VMs on the screen with some information about each
98	*
99	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
100	*/
101	void listVMs(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
102	{
103	nsresult rc;
104
105	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n");
106	printf("VM List:\n\n");
107
108	/*
109	* Get the list of all registered VMs
110	*/
111	IMachineCollection *collection = nsnull;
112	IMachineEnumerator *enumerator = nsnull;
113	rc = virtualBox->GetMachines(&collection);
114	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
115	rc = collection->Enumerate(&enumerator);
116	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
117	{
118	/*
119	* Iterate through the collection
120	*/
121	PRBool hasMore = false;
122	while (enumerator->HasMore(&hasMore), hasMore)
123	{
124	IMachine *machine = nsnull;
125	rc = enumerator->GetNext(&machine);
126	if ((NS_SUCCEEDED(rc)) && machine)
127	{
128	PRBool isAccessible = PR_FALSE;
129	machine->GetAccessible (&isAccessible);
130
131	if (isAccessible)
132	{
133	nsXPIDLString machineName;
134	machine->GetName(getter_Copies(machineName));
135	char *machineNameAscii = ToNewCString(machineName);
136	printf("\tName: %s\n", machineNameAscii);
137	free(machineNameAscii);
138	}
139	else
140	{
141	printf("\tName: <inaccessible>\n");
142	}
143
144	nsID *iid = nsnull;
145	machine->GetId(&iid);
146	const char *uuidString = nsIDToString(iid);
147	printf("\tUUID: %s\n", uuidString);
148	free((void*)uuidString);
149	nsMemory::Free(iid);
150
151	if (isAccessible)
152	{
153	nsXPIDLString configFile;
154	machine->GetSettingsFilePath(getter_Copies(configFile));
155	char *configFileAscii = ToNewCString(configFile);
156	printf("\tConfig file: %s\n", configFileAscii);
157	free(configFileAscii);
158
159	PRUint32 memorySize;
160	machine->GetMemorySize(&memorySize);
161	printf("\tMemory size: %uMB\n", memorySize);
162
163	nsXPIDLString typeId;
164	machine->GetOSTypeId(getter_Copies(typeId));
165	IGuestOSType *osType = nsnull;
166	virtualBox->GetGuestOSType (typeId.get(), &osType);
167	nsXPIDLString osName;
168	osType->GetDescription(getter_Copies(osName));
169	char *osNameAscii = ToNewCString(osName);
170	printf("\tGuest OS: %s\n\n", osNameAscii);
171	free(osNameAscii);
172	osType->Release();
173	}
174
175	machine->Release();
176	}
177	}
178	}
179	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n\n");
180	/* don't forget to release the objects... */
181	if (enumerator)
182	enumerator->Release();
183	if (collection)
184	collection->Release();
185	}
186
187	/**
188	* Create a sample VM
189	*
190	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
191	*/
192	void createVM(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
193	{
194	nsresult rc;
195	/*
196	* First create a unnamed new VM. It will be unconfigured and not be saved
197	* in the configuration until we explicitely choose to do so.
198	*/
199	nsID VMuuid = {0};
200	nsCOMPtr <IMachine> machine;
201	rc = virtualBox->CreateMachine(nsnull, NS_LITERAL_STRING("A brand new name").get(),
202	VMuuid, getter_AddRefs(machine));
203	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
204	{
205	printf("Error: could not create machine! rc=%08X\n", rc);
206	return;
207	}
208
209	/*
210	* Set some properties
211	*/
212	/* alternative to illustrate the use of string classes */
213	rc = machine->SetName(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16("A new name").get());
214	rc = machine->SetMemorySize(128);
215
216	/*
217	* Now a more advanced property -- the guest OS type. This is
218	* an object by itself which has to be found first. Note that we
219	* use the ID of the guest OS type here which is an internal
220	* representation (you can find that by configuring the OS type of
221	* a machine in the GUI and then looking at the <Guest ostype=""/>
222	* setting in the XML file. It is also possible to get the OS type from
223	* its description (win2k would be "Windows 2000") by getting the
224	* guest OS type collection and enumerating it.
225	*/
226	nsCOMPtr <IGuestOSType> osType;
227	rc = virtualBox->GetGuestOSType(NS_LITERAL_STRING("win2k").get(),
228	getter_AddRefs(osType));
229	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
230	{
231	printf("Error: could not find guest OS type! rc=%08X\n", rc);
232	}
233	else
234	{
235	machine->SetOSTypeId (NS_LITERAL_STRING("win2k").get());
236	}
237
238	/*
239	* Register the VM. Note that this call also saves the VM config
240	* to disk. It is also possible to save the VM settings but not
241	* register the VM.
242	*
243	* Also note that due to current VirtualBox limitations, the machine
244	* must be registered before we can attach hard disks to it.
245	*/
246	rc = virtualBox->RegisterMachine(machine);
247	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
248	{
249	printf("Error: could not register machine! rc=%08X\n", rc);
250	printErrorInfo();
251	return;
252	}
253
254	/*
255	* In order to manipulate the registered machine, we must open a session
256	* for that machine. Do it now.
257	*/
258	nsCOMPtr<ISession> session;
259	{
260	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
261	rc = NS_GetComponentManager (getter_AddRefs (manager));
262	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
263	{
264	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%08X\n", rc);
265	return;
266	}
267	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID (NS_SESSION_CONTRACTID,
268	nsnull,
269	NS_GET_IID(ISession),
270	getter_AddRefs(session));
271	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
272	{
273	printf("Error, could not instantiate Session object! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
274	return;
275	}
276
277	nsID *machineUUID = nsnull;
278	machine->GetId(&machineUUID);
279	rc = virtualBox->OpenSession(session, *machineUUID);
280	nsMemory::Free(machineUUID);
281	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
282	{
283	printf("Error, could not open session! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
284	return;
285	}
286
287	/*
288	* After the machine is registered, the initial machine object becomes
289	* immutable. In order to get a mutable machine object, we must query
290	* it from the opened session object.
291	*/
292	rc = session->GetMachine(getter_AddRefs(machine));
293	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
294	{
295	printf("Error, could not get sessioned machine! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
296	return;
297	}
298	}
299
300	/*
301	* Create a virtual harddisk
302	*/
303	nsCOMPtr<IHardDisk> hardDisk = 0;
304	nsCOMPtr<IVirtualDiskImage> vdi = 0;
305	rc = virtualBox->CreateHardDisk(HardDiskStorageType::VirtualDiskImage,
306	getter_AddRefs(hardDisk));
307	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc))
308	{
309	rc = hardDisk->QueryInterface(NS_GET_IID(IVirtualDiskImage),
310	(void **)(getter_AddRefs(vdi)));
311	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc))
312	rc = vdi->SetFilePath(NS_LITERAL_STRING("TestHardDisk.vdi").get());
313	}
314
315	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
316	{
317	printf("Failed creating a hard disk object! rc=%08X\n", rc);
318	}
319	else
320	{
321	/*
322	* We have only created an object so far. No on disk representation exists
323	* because none of its properties has been set so far. Let's continue creating
324	* a dynamically expanding image.
325	*/
326	nsCOMPtr <IProgress> progress;
327	rc = vdi->CreateDynamicImage(100, // size in megabytes
328	getter_AddRefs(progress)); // optional progress object
329	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
330	{
331	printf("Failed creating hard disk image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
332	}
333	else
334	{
335	/*
336	* Creating the image is done in the background because it can take quite
337	* some time (at least fixed size images). We have to wait for its completion.
338	* Here we wait forever (timeout -1) which is potentially dangerous.
339	*/
340	rc = progress->WaitForCompletion(-1);
341	nsresult resultCode;
342	progress->GetResultCode(&resultCode);
343	if (NS_FAILED(rc) \|\| NS_FAILED(resultCode))
344	{
345	printf("Error: could not create hard disk! rc=%08X\n",
346	NS_FAILED(rc) ? rc : resultCode);
347	}
348	else
349	{
350	/*
351	* Now we have to register the new hard disk with VirtualBox.
352	*/
353	rc = virtualBox->RegisterHardDisk(hardDisk);
354	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
355	{
356	printf("Error: could not register hard disk! rc=%08X\n", rc);
357	}
358	else
359	{
360	/*
361	* Now that it's registered, we can assign it to the VM. This is done
362	* by UUID, so query that one fist. The UUID has been assigned automatically
363	* when we've created the image.
364	*/
365	nsID *vdiUUID = nsnull;
366	hardDisk->GetId(&vdiUUID);
367	rc = machine->AttachHardDisk(*vdiUUID,
368	DiskControllerType::IDE0Controller, // controler identifier
369	0); // device number on the controller
370	nsMemory::Free(vdiUUID);
371	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
372	{
373	printf("Error: could not attach hard disk! rc=%08X\n", rc);
374	}
375	}
376	}
377	}
378	}
379
380	/*
381	* It's got a hard disk but that one is new and thus not bootable. Make it
382	* boot from an ISO file. This requires some processing. First the ISO file
383	* has to be registered and then mounted to the VM's DVD drive and selected
384	* as the boot device.
385	*/
386	nsID uuid = {0};
387	nsCOMPtr<IDVDImage> dvdImage;
388
389	rc = virtualBox->OpenDVDImage(NS_LITERAL_STRING("/home/achimha/isoimages/winnt4ger.iso").get(),
390	uuid, /* NULL UUID, i.e. a new one will be created */
391	getter_AddRefs(dvdImage));
392	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
393	{
394	printf("Error: could not open CD image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
395	}
396	else
397	{
398	/*
399	* Register it with VBox
400	*/
401	rc = virtualBox->RegisterDVDImage(dvdImage);
402	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
403	{
404	printf("Error: could not register CD image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
405	}
406	else
407	{
408	/*
409	* Now assign it to our VM
410	*/
411	nsID *isoUUID = nsnull;
412	dvdImage->GetId(&isoUUID);
413	nsCOMPtr<IDVDDrive> dvdDrive;
414	machine->GetDVDDrive(getter_AddRefs(dvdDrive));
415	rc = dvdDrive->MountImage(*isoUUID);
416	nsMemory::Free(isoUUID);
417	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
418	{
419	printf("Error: could not mount ISO image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
420	}
421	else
422	{
423	/*
424	* Last step: tell the VM to boot from the CD.
425	*/
426	rc = machine->SetBootOrder (1, DeviceType::DVDDevice);
427	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
428	{
429	printf("Could not set boot device! rc=%08X\n", rc);
430	}
431	}
432	}
433	}
434
435	/*
436	* Save all changes we've just made.
437	*/
438	rc = machine->SaveSettings();
439	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
440	{
441	printf("Could not save machine settings! rc=%08X\n", rc);
442	}
443
444	/*
445	* It is always important to close the open session when it becomes not
446	* necessary any more.
447	*/
448	session->Close();
449	}
450
451	// main
452	///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
453
454	int main(int argc, char *argv[])
455	{
456	/*
457	* Check that PRUnichar is equal in size to what compiler composes L""
458	* strings from; otherwise NS_LITERAL_STRING macros won't work correctly
459	* and we will get a meaningless SIGSEGV. This, of course, must be checked
460	* at compile time in xpcom/string/nsTDependentString.h, but XPCOM lacks
461	* compile-time assert macros and I'm not going to add them now.
462	*/
463	if (sizeof(PRUnichar) != sizeof(wchar_t))
464	{
465	printf("Error: sizeof(PRUnichar) {%d} != sizeof(wchar_t) {%d}!\n"
466	"Probably, you forgot the -fshort-wchar compiler option.\n",
467	sizeof(PRUnichar), sizeof(wchar_t));
468	return -1;
469	}
470
471	nsresult rc;
472
473	/*
474	* This is the standard XPCOM init procedure.
475	* What we do is just follow the required steps to get an instance
476	* of our main interface, which is IVirtualBox.
477	*/
478	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
479	XPCOMGlueStartup(nsnull);
480	#endif
481
482	/*
483	* Note that we scope all nsCOMPtr variables in order to have all XPCOM
484	* objects automatically released before we call NS_ShutdownXPCOM at the
485	* end. This is an XPCOM requirement.
486	*/
487	{
488	nsCOMPtr<nsIServiceManager> serviceManager;
489	rc = NS_InitXPCOM2(getter_AddRefs(serviceManager), nsnull, nsnull);
490	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
491	{
492	printf("Error: XPCOM could not be initialized! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
493	return -1;
494	}
495
496	#if 0
497	/*
498	* Register our components. This step is only necessary if this executable
499	* implements XPCOM components itself which is not the case for this
500	* simple example.
501	*/
502	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentRegistrar> registrar = do_QueryInterface(serviceManager);
503	if (!registrar)
504	{
505	printf("Error: could not query nsIComponentRegistrar interface!\n");
506	return -1;
507	}
508	registrar->AutoRegister(nsnull);
509	#endif
510
511	/*
512	* Make sure the main event queue is created. This event queue is
513	* responsible for dispatching incoming XPCOM IPC messages. The main
514	* thread should run this event queue's loop during lengthy non-XPCOM
515	* operations to ensure messages from the VirtualBox server and other
516	* XPCOM IPC clients are processed. This use case doesn't perform such
517	* operations so it doesn't run the event loop.
518	*/
519	nsCOMPtr<nsIEventQueue> eventQ;
520	rc = NS_GetMainEventQ(getter_AddRefs (eventQ));
521	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
522	{
523	printf("Error: could not get main event queue! rc=%08X\n", rc);
524	return -1;
525	}
526
527	/*
528	* Now XPCOM is ready and we can start to do real work.
529	* IVirtualBox is the root interface of VirtualBox and will be
530	* retrieved from the XPCOM component manager. We use the
531	* XPCOM provided smart pointer nsCOMPtr for all objects because
532	* that's very convenient and removes the need deal with reference
533	* counting and freeing.
534	*/
535	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
536	rc = NS_GetComponentManager (getter_AddRefs (manager));
537	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
538	{
539	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%08X\n", rc);
540	return -1;
541	}
542
543	nsCOMPtr<IVirtualBox> virtualBox;
544	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID (NS_VIRTUALBOX_CONTRACTID,
545	nsnull,
546	NS_GET_IID(IVirtualBox),
547	getter_AddRefs(virtualBox));
548	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
549	{
550	printf("Error, could not instantiate VirtualBox object! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
551	return -1;
552	}
553	printf("VirtualBox object created\n");
554
555	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
556	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
557	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
558
559
560	listVMs(virtualBox);
561
562	createVM(virtualBox);
563
564
565	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
566	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
567	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
568
569	/* this is enough to free the IVirtualBox instance -- smart pointers rule! */
570	virtualBox = nsnull;
571
572	/*
573	* Process events that might have queued up in the XPCOM event
574	* queue. If we don't process them, the server might hang.
575	*/
576	eventQ->ProcessPendingEvents();
577	}
578
579	/*
580	* Perform the standard XPCOM shutdown procedure.
581	*/
582	NS_ShutdownXPCOM(nsnull);
583	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
584	XPCOMGlueShutdown();
585	#endif
586	printf("Done!\n");
587	return 0;
588	}
589
590
591	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
592	//// Helpers
593	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
594
595	/**
596	* Helper function to convert an nsID into a human readable string
597	*
598	* @returns result string, allocated. Has to be freed using free()
599	* @param guid Pointer to nsID that will be converted.
600	*/
601	char nsIDToString(nsID guid)
602	{
603	char res = (char)malloc(39);
604
605	if (res != NULL)
606	{
607	snprintf(res, 39, "{%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x}",
608	guid->m0, (PRUint32)guid->m1, (PRUint32)guid->m2,
609	(PRUint32)guid->m3[0], (PRUint32)guid->m3[1], (PRUint32)guid->m3[2],
610	(PRUint32)guid->m3[3], (PRUint32)guid->m3[4], (PRUint32)guid->m3[5],
611	(PRUint32)guid->m3[6], (PRUint32)guid->m3[7]);
612	}
613	return res;
614	}
615
616	/**
617	* Helper function to print XPCOM exception information set on the current
618	* thread after a failed XPCOM method call. This function will also print
619	* extended VirtualBox error info if it is available.
620	*/
621	void printErrorInfo()
622	{
623	nsresult rc;
624
625	nsCOMPtr <nsIExceptionService> es;
626	es = do_GetService (NS_EXCEPTIONSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rc);
627	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc))
628	{
629	nsCOMPtr <nsIExceptionManager> em;
630	rc = es->GetCurrentExceptionManager (getter_AddRefs (em));
631	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc))
632	{
633	nsCOMPtr<nsIException> ex;
634	rc = em->GetCurrentException (getter_AddRefs (ex));
635	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc) && ex)
636	{
637	nsCOMPtr <IVirtualBoxErrorInfo> info;
638	info = do_QueryInterface(ex, &rc);
639	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc) && info)
640	{
641	/* got extended error info */
642	printf ("Extended error info (IVirtualBoxErrorInfo):\n");
643	nsresult resultCode = NS_OK;
644	info->GetResultCode (&resultCode);
645	printf (" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
646	nsXPIDLString component;
647	info->GetComponent (getter_Copies (component));
648	printf (" component=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(component).get());
649	nsXPIDLString text;
650	info->GetText (getter_Copies (text));
651	printf (" text=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(text).get());
652	}
653	else
654	{
655	/* got basic error info */
656	printf ("Basic error info (nsIException):\n");
657	nsresult resultCode = NS_OK;
658	ex->GetResult (&resultCode);
659	printf (" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
660	nsXPIDLCString message;
661	ex->GetMessage (getter_Copies (message));
662	printf (" message=%s\n", message.get());
663	}
664
665	/* reset the exception to NULL to indicate we've processed it */
666	em->SetCurrentException (NULL);
667
668	rc = NS_OK;
669	}
670	}
671	}
672	}

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source: vbox/trunk/src/VBox/Main/testcase/tstVBoxAPILinux.cpp@ 5806

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