VmdkHDDCore.cpp@ 10839

Last change on this file since 10839 was 10715, checked in by vboxsync, 16 years ago
Merge async I/O for VMDK backend from private branch
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1	/** $Id: VmdkHDDCore.cpp 10715 2008-07-16 22:38:23Z vboxsync $ */
2	/** @file
3	* VMDK Disk image, Core Code.
4	*/
5
6	/*
7	* Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
8	*
9	* This file is part of VirtualBox Open Source Edition (OSE), as
10	* available from http://www.virtualbox.org. This file is free software;
11	* you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
12	* General Public License (GPL) as published by the Free Software
13	* Foundation, in version 2 as it comes in the "COPYING" file of the
14	* VirtualBox OSE distribution. VirtualBox OSE is distributed in the
15	* hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY of any kind.
16	*
17	* Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa
18	* Clara, CA 95054 USA or visit http://www.sun.com if you need
19	* additional information or have any questions.
20	*/
21
22	/*******************************************************************************
23	* Header Files *
24	*******************************************************************************/
25	#define LOG_GROUP LOG_GROUP_VD_VMDK
26	#include "VBoxHDD-newInternal.h"
27	#include <VBox/err.h>
28
29	#include <VBox/log.h>
30	#include <iprt/assert.h>
31	#include <iprt/alloc.h>
32	#include <iprt/uuid.h>
33	#include <iprt/file.h>
34	#include <iprt/path.h>
35	#include <iprt/string.h>
36	#include <iprt/rand.h>
37
38
39	/*******************************************************************************
40	* Constants And Macros, Structures and Typedefs *
41	*******************************************************************************/
42
43	/** Maximum encoded string size (including NUL) we allow for VMDK images.
44	* Deliberately not set high to avoid running out of descriptor space. */
45	#define VMDK_ENCODED_COMMENT_MAX 1024
46
47	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for PCHS cylinders. */
48	#define VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_CYLINDERS "ddb.geometry.cylinders"
49
50	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for PCHS heads. */
51	#define VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_HEADS "ddb.geometry.heads"
52
53	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for PCHS sectors. */
54	#define VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_SECTORS "ddb.geometry.sectors"
55
56	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for LCHS cylinders. */
57	#define VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_CYLINDERS "ddb.geometry.biosCylinders"
58
59	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for LCHS heads. */
60	#define VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_HEADS "ddb.geometry.biosHeads"
61
62	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for LCHS sectors. */
63	#define VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_SECTORS "ddb.geometry.biosSectors"
64
65	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for image UUID. */
66	#define VMDK_DDB_IMAGE_UUID "ddb.uuid.image"
67
68	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for image modification UUID. */
69	#define VMDK_DDB_MODIFICATION_UUID "ddb.uuid.modification"
70
71	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for parent image UUID. */
72	#define VMDK_DDB_PARENT_UUID "ddb.uuid.parent"
73
74	/** VMDK descriptor DDB entry for parent image modification UUID. */
75	#define VMDK_DDB_PARENT_MODIFICATION_UUID "ddb.uuid.parentmodification"
76
77	/**
78	* Magic number for hosted images created by VMware Workstation 4, VMware
79	* Workstation 5, VMware Server or VMware Player.
80	*/
81	#define VMDK_SPARSE_MAGICNUMBER 0x564d444b /* 'V' 'M' 'D' 'K' */
82
83	/** VMDK hosted sparse extent header. */
84	#pragma pack(1)
85	typedef struct SparseExtentHeader
86	{
87	uint32_t magicNumber;
88	uint32_t version;
89	uint32_t flags;
90	uint64_t capacity;
91	uint64_t grainSize;
92	uint64_t descriptorOffset;
93	uint64_t descriptorSize;
94	uint32_t numGTEsPerGT;
95	uint64_t rgdOffset;
96	uint64_t gdOffset;
97	uint64_t overHead;
98	bool uncleanShutdown;
99	char singleEndLineChar;
100	char nonEndLineChar;
101	char doubleEndLineChar1;
102	char doubleEndLineChar2;
103	uint8_t pad[435];
104	} SparseExtentHeader;
105	#pragma pack()
106
107	/** VMDK capacity for a single chunk when 2G splitting is turned on. Should be
108	* divisible by the default grain size (64K) */
109	#define VMDK_2G_SPLIT_SIZE (2047 * 1024 * 1024)
110
111
112	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
113
114	/** @todo the ESX code is not tested, not used, and lacks error messages. */
115
116	/**
117	* Magic number for images created by VMware GSX Server 3 or ESX Server 3.
118	*/
119	#define VMDK_ESX_SPARSE_MAGICNUMBER 0x44574f43 /* 'C' 'O' 'W' 'D' */
120
121	#pragma pack(1)
122	typedef struct COWDisk_Header
123	{
124	uint32_t magicNumber;
125	uint32_t version;
126	uint32_t flags;
127	uint32_t numSectors;
128	uint32_t grainSize;
129	uint32_t gdOffset;
130	uint32_t numGDEntries;
131	uint32_t freeSector;
132	/* The spec incompletely documents quite a few further fields, but states
133	* that they are unused by the current format. Replace them by padding. */
134	char reserved1[1604];
135	uint32_t savedGeneration;
136	char reserved2[8];
137	uint32_t uncleanShutdown;
138	char padding[396];
139	} COWDisk_Header;
140	#pragma pack()
141	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
142
143
144	/** Convert sector number/size to byte offset/size. */
145	#define VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(u) ((u) << 9)
146
147	/** Convert byte offset/size to sector number/size. */
148	#define VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(u) ((u) >> 9)
149
150	/**
151	* VMDK extent type.
152	*/
153	typedef enum VMDKETYPE
154	{
155	/** Hosted sparse extent. */
156	VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE = 1,
157	/** Flat extent. */
158	VMDKETYPE_FLAT,
159	/** Zero extent. */
160	VMDKETYPE_ZERO
161	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
162	,
163	/** ESX sparse extent. */
164	VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE
165	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
166	} VMDKETYPE, *PVMDKETYPE;
167
168	/**
169	* VMDK access type for a extent.
170	*/
171	typedef enum VMDKACCESS
172	{
173	/** No access allowed. */
174	VMDKACCESS_NOACCESS = 0,
175	/** Read-only access. */
176	VMDKACCESS_READONLY,
177	/** Read-write access. */
178	VMDKACCESS_READWRITE
179	} VMDKACCESS, *PVMDKACCESS;
180
181	/** Forward declaration for PVMDKIMAGE. */
182	typedef struct VMDKIMAGE *PVMDKIMAGE;
183
184	/**
185	* Extents files entry. Used for opening a particular file only once.
186	*/
187	typedef struct VMDKFILE
188	{
189	/** Pointer to filename. Local copy. */
190	const char *pszFilename;
191	/** File open flags for consistency checking. */
192	unsigned fOpen;
193	/** File handle. */
194	RTFILE File;
195	/** Handle for asnychronous access if requested.*/
196	void *pStorage;
197	/** Flag whether to use File or pStorage. */
198	bool fAsyncIO;
199	/** Reference counter. */
200	unsigned uReferences;
201	/** Flag whether the file should be deleted on last close. */
202	bool fDelete;
203	/** Pointer to the image we belong to. */
204	PVMDKIMAGE pImage;
205	/** Pointer to next file descriptor. */
206	struct VMDKFILE *pNext;
207	/** Pointer to the previous file descriptor. */
208	struct VMDKFILE *pPrev;
209	} VMDKFILE, *PVMDKFILE;
210
211	/**
212	* VMDK extent data structure.
213	*/
214	typedef struct VMDKEXTENT
215	{
216	/** File handle. */
217	PVMDKFILE pFile;
218	/** Base name of the image extent. */
219	const char *pszBasename;
220	/** Full name of the image extent. */
221	const char *pszFullname;
222	/** Number of sectors in this extent. */
223	uint64_t cSectors;
224	/** Number of sectors per block (grain in VMDK speak). */
225	uint64_t cSectorsPerGrain;
226	/** Starting sector number of descriptor. */
227	uint64_t uDescriptorSector;
228	/** Size of descriptor in sectors. */
229	uint64_t cDescriptorSectors;
230	/** Starting sector number of grain directory. */
231	uint64_t uSectorGD;
232	/** Starting sector number of redundant grain directory. */
233	uint64_t uSectorRGD;
234	/** Total number of metadata sectors. */
235	uint64_t cOverheadSectors;
236	/** Nominal size (i.e. as described by the descriptor) of this extent. */
237	uint64_t cNominalSectors;
238	/** Sector offset (i.e. as described by the descriptor) of this extent. */
239	uint64_t uSectorOffset;
240	/** Number of entries in a grain table. */
241	uint32_t cGTEntries;
242	/** Number of sectors reachable via a grain directory entry. */
243	uint32_t cSectorsPerGDE;
244	/** Number of entries in the grain directory. */
245	uint32_t cGDEntries;
246	/** Pointer to the next free sector. Legacy information. Do not use. */
247	uint32_t uFreeSector;
248	/** Number of this extent in the list of images. */
249	uint32_t uExtent;
250	/** Pointer to the descriptor (NULL if no descriptor in this extent). */
251	char *pDescData;
252	/** Pointer to the grain directory. */
253	uint32_t *pGD;
254	/** Pointer to the redundant grain directory. */
255	uint32_t *pRGD;
256	/** Type of this extent. */
257	VMDKETYPE enmType;
258	/** Access to this extent. */
259	VMDKACCESS enmAccess;
260	/** Flag whether this extent is marked as unclean. */
261	bool fUncleanShutdown;
262	/** Flag whether the metadata in the extent header needs to be updated. */
263	bool fMetaDirty;
264	/** Reference to the image in which this extent is used. Do not use this
265	* on a regular basis to avoid passing pImage references to functions
266	* explicitly. */
267	struct VMDKIMAGE *pImage;
268	} VMDKEXTENT, *PVMDKEXTENT;
269
270	/**
271	* Grain table cache size. Allocated per image.
272	*/
273	#define VMDK_GT_CACHE_SIZE 256
274
275	/**
276	* Grain table block size. Smaller than an actual grain table block to allow
277	* more grain table blocks to be cached without having to allocate excessive
278	* amounts of memory for the cache.
279	*/
280	#define VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE 128
281
282
283	/**
284	* Maximum number of lines in a descriptor file. Not worth the effort of
285	* making it variable. Descriptor files are generally very short (~20 lines).
286	*/
287	#define VMDK_DESCRIPTOR_LINES_MAX 100U
288
289	/**
290	* Parsed descriptor information. Allows easy access and update of the
291	* descriptor (whether separate file or not). Free form text files suck.
292	*/
293	typedef struct VMDKDESCRIPTOR
294	{
295	/** Line number of first entry of the disk descriptor. */
296	unsigned uFirstDesc;
297	/** Line number of first entry in the extent description. */
298	unsigned uFirstExtent;
299	/** Line number of first disk database entry. */
300	unsigned uFirstDDB;
301	/** Total number of lines. */
302	unsigned cLines;
303	/** Total amount of memory available for the descriptor. */
304	size_t cbDescAlloc;
305	/** Set if descriptor has been changed and not yet written to disk. */
306	bool fDirty;
307	/** Array of pointers to the data in the descriptor. */
308	char *aLines[VMDK_DESCRIPTOR_LINES_MAX];
309	/** Array of line indices pointing to the next non-comment line. */
310	unsigned aNextLines[VMDK_DESCRIPTOR_LINES_MAX];
311	} VMDKDESCRIPTOR, *PVMDKDESCRIPTOR;
312
313
314	/**
315	* Cache entry for translating extent/sector to a sector number in that
316	* extent.
317	*/
318	typedef struct VMDKGTCACHEENTRY
319	{
320	/** Extent number for which this entry is valid. */
321	uint32_t uExtent;
322	/** GT data block number. */
323	uint64_t uGTBlock;
324	/** Data part of the cache entry. */
325	uint32_t aGTData[VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE];
326	} VMDKGTCACHEENTRY, *PVMDKGTCACHEENTRY;
327
328	/**
329	* Cache data structure for blocks of grain table entries. For now this is a
330	* fixed size direct mapping cache, but this should be adapted to the size of
331	* the sparse image and maybe converted to a set-associative cache. The
332	* implementation below implements a write-through cache with write allocate.
333	*/
334	typedef struct VMDKGTCACHE
335	{
336	/** Cache entries. */
337	VMDKGTCACHEENTRY aGTCache[VMDK_GT_CACHE_SIZE];
338	/** Number of cache entries (currently unused). */
339	unsigned cEntries;
340	} VMDKGTCACHE, *PVMDKGTCACHE;
341
342	/**
343	* Complete VMDK image data structure. Mainly a collection of extents and a few
344	* extra global data fields.
345	*/
346	typedef struct VMDKIMAGE
347	{
348	/** Pointer to the image extents. */
349	PVMDKEXTENT pExtents;
350	/** Number of image extents. */
351	unsigned cExtents;
352	/** Pointer to the files list, for opening a file referenced multiple
353	* times only once (happens mainly with raw partition access). */
354	PVMDKFILE pFiles;
355
356	/** Base image name. */
357	const char *pszFilename;
358	/** Descriptor file if applicable. */
359	PVMDKFILE pFile;
360
361	/** Error interface. */
362	PVDINTERFACE pInterfaceError;
363	/** Error interface callbacks. */
364	PVDINTERFACEERROR pInterfaceErrorCallbacks;
365
366	/** Async I/O interface. */
367	PVDINTERFACE pInterfaceAsyncIO;
368	/** Async I/O interface callbacks. */
369	PVDINTERFACEASYNCIO pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks;
370	/**
371	* Pointer to an array of task handles for task submission.
372	* This is an optimization because the task number to submit is not known
373	* and allocating/freeing an array in the read/write functions every time
374	* is too expensive.
375	*/
376	void **apTask;
377	/** Entries available in the task handle array. */
378	unsigned cTask;
379
380	/** Open flags passed by VBoxHD layer. */
381	unsigned uOpenFlags;
382	/** Image type. */
383	VDIMAGETYPE enmImageType;
384	/** Image flags defined during creation or determined during open. */
385	unsigned uImageFlags;
386	/** Total size of the image. */
387	uint64_t cbSize;
388	/** Physical geometry of this image. */
389	PDMMEDIAGEOMETRY PCHSGeometry;
390	/** Logical geometry of this image. */
391	PDMMEDIAGEOMETRY LCHSGeometry;
392	/** Image UUID. */
393	RTUUID ImageUuid;
394	/** Image modification UUID. */
395	RTUUID ModificationUuid;
396	/** Parent image UUID. */
397	RTUUID ParentUuid;
398	/** Parent image modification UUID. */
399	RTUUID ParentModificationUuid;
400
401	/** Pointer to grain table cache, if this image contains sparse extents. */
402	PVMDKGTCACHE pGTCache;
403	/** Pointer to the descriptor (NULL if no separate descriptor file). */
404	char *pDescData;
405	/** Allocation size of the descriptor file. */
406	size_t cbDescAlloc;
407	/** Parsed descriptor file content. */
408	VMDKDESCRIPTOR Descriptor;
409	} VMDKIMAGE;
410
411
412	/*******************************************************************************
413	* Internal Functions *
414	*******************************************************************************/
415
416	static void vmdkFreeGrainDirectory(PVMDKEXTENT pExtent);
417
418	static void vmdkFreeExtentData(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKEXTENT pExtent,
419	bool fDelete);
420
421	static int vmdkCreateExtents(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, unsigned cExtents);
422	static int vmdkFlushImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage);
423	static int vmdkSetImageComment(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, const char *pszComment);
424	static void vmdkFreeImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, bool fDelete);
425
426
427	/**
428	* Internal: signal an error to the frontend.
429	*/
430	DECLINLINE(int) vmdkError(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, int rc, RT_SRC_POS_DECL,
431	const char *pszFormat, ...)
432	{
433	va_list va;
434	va_start(va, pszFormat);
435	if (pImage->pInterfaceError && pImage->pInterfaceErrorCallbacks)
436	pImage->pInterfaceErrorCallbacks->pfnError(pImage->pInterfaceError->pvUser, rc, RT_SRC_POS_ARGS,
437	pszFormat, va);
438	va_end(va);
439	return rc;
440	}
441
442	/**
443	* Internal: open a file (using a file descriptor cache to ensure each file
444	* is only opened once - anything else can cause locking problems).
445	*/
446	static int vmdkFileOpen(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKFILE *ppVmdkFile,
447	const char *pszFilename, unsigned fOpen, bool fAsyncIO)
448	{
449	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
450	PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile;
451
452	for (pVmdkFile = pImage->pFiles;
453	pVmdkFile != NULL;
454	pVmdkFile = pVmdkFile->pNext)
455	{
456	if (!strcmp(pszFilename, pVmdkFile->pszFilename))
457	{
458	Assert(fOpen == pVmdkFile->fOpen);
459	pVmdkFile->uReferences++;
460
461	*ppVmdkFile = pVmdkFile;
462
463	return rc;
464	}
465	}
466
467	/* If we get here, there's no matching entry in the cache. */
468	pVmdkFile = (PVMDKFILE)RTMemAllocZ(sizeof(VMDKFILE));
469	if (!VALID_PTR(pVmdkFile))
470	{
471	*ppVmdkFile = NULL;
472	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
473	}
474
475	pVmdkFile->pszFilename = RTStrDup(pszFilename);
476	if (!VALID_PTR(pVmdkFile->pszFilename))
477	{
478	RTMemFree(pVmdkFile);
479	*ppVmdkFile = NULL;
480	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
481	}
482	pVmdkFile->fOpen = fOpen;
483	if ((pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_ASYNC_IO) && (fAsyncIO))
484	{
485	rc = pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnOpen(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
486	pszFilename,
487	pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY
488	? true
489	: false,
490	&pVmdkFile->pStorage);
491	pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO = true;
492	}
493	else
494	{
495	rc = RTFileOpen(&pVmdkFile->File, pszFilename, fOpen);
496	pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO = false;
497	}
498	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc))
499	{
500	pVmdkFile->uReferences = 1;
501	pVmdkFile->pImage = pImage;
502	pVmdkFile->pNext = pImage->pFiles;
503	if (pImage->pFiles)
504	pImage->pFiles->pPrev = pVmdkFile;
505	pImage->pFiles = pVmdkFile;
506	*ppVmdkFile = pVmdkFile;
507	}
508	else
509	{
510	RTStrFree((char )(void )pVmdkFile->pszFilename);
511	RTMemFree(pVmdkFile);
512	*ppVmdkFile = NULL;
513	}
514
515	return rc;
516	}
517
518	/**
519	* Internal: close a file, updating the file descriptor cache.
520	*/
521	static int vmdkFileClose(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKFILE *ppVmdkFile, bool fDelete)
522	{
523	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
524	PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile = *ppVmdkFile;
525
526	Assert(VALID_PTR(pVmdkFile));
527
528	pVmdkFile->fDelete \|= fDelete;
529	Assert(pVmdkFile->uReferences);
530	pVmdkFile->uReferences--;
531	if (pVmdkFile->uReferences == 0)
532	{
533	PVMDKFILE pPrev;
534	PVMDKFILE pNext;
535
536	/* Unchain the element from the list. */
537	pPrev = pVmdkFile->pPrev;
538	pNext = pVmdkFile->pNext;
539
540	if (pNext)
541	pNext->pPrev = pPrev;
542	if (pPrev)
543	pPrev->pNext = pNext;
544	else
545	pImage->pFiles = pNext;
546
547	if (pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO)
548	{
549	rc = pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnClose(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
550	pVmdkFile->pStorage);
551	}
552	else
553	{
554	rc = RTFileClose(pVmdkFile->File);
555	}
556	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc) && pVmdkFile->fDelete)
557	rc = RTFileDelete(pVmdkFile->pszFilename);
558	RTStrFree((char )(void )pVmdkFile->pszFilename);
559	RTMemFree(pVmdkFile);
560	}
561
562	*ppVmdkFile = NULL;
563	return rc;
564	}
565
566	/**
567	* Internal: read from a file distinguishing between async and normal operation
568	*/
569	DECLINLINE(int) vmdkFileReadAt(PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile,
570	uint64_t uOffset, void *pvBuf,
571	size_t cbToRead, size_t *pcbRead)
572	{
573	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = pVmdkFile->pImage;
574
575	if (pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO)
576	return pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnRead(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
577	pVmdkFile->pStorage, uOffset,
578	cbToRead, pvBuf, pcbRead);
579	else
580	return RTFileReadAt(pVmdkFile->File, uOffset, pvBuf, cbToRead, pcbRead);
581	}
582
583	/**
584	* Internal: write to a file distinguishing between async and normal operation
585	*/
586	DECLINLINE(int) vmdkFileWriteAt(PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile,
587	uint64_t uOffset, const void *pvBuf,
588	size_t cbToWrite, size_t *pcbWritten)
589	{
590	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = pVmdkFile->pImage;
591
592	if (pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO)
593	return pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnWrite(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
594	pVmdkFile->pStorage, uOffset,
595	cbToWrite, pvBuf, pcbWritten);
596	else
597	return RTFileWriteAt(pVmdkFile->File, uOffset, pvBuf, cbToWrite, pcbWritten);
598	}
599
600	/**
601	* Internal: get the size of a file distinguishing beween async and normal operation
602	*/
603	DECLINLINE(int) vmdkFileGetSize(PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile, uint64_t *pcbSize)
604	{
605	if (pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO)
606	{
607	AssertMsgFailed(("TODO\n"));
608	return 0;
609	}
610	else
611	return RTFileGetSize(pVmdkFile->File, pcbSize);
612	}
613
614	/**
615	* Internal: set the size of a file distinguishing beween async and normal operation
616	*/
617	DECLINLINE(int) vmdkFileSetSize(PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile, uint64_t cbSize)
618	{
619	if (pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO)
620	{
621	AssertMsgFailed(("TODO\n"));
622	return VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
623	}
624	else
625	return RTFileSetSize(pVmdkFile->File, cbSize);
626	}
627
628	/**
629	* Internal: flush a file distinguishing between async and normal operation
630	*/
631	DECLINLINE(int) vmdkFileFlush(PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile)
632	{
633	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = pVmdkFile->pImage;
634
635	if (pVmdkFile->fAsyncIO)
636	return pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnFlush(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
637	pVmdkFile->pStorage);
638	else
639	return RTFileFlush(pVmdkFile->File);
640	}
641
642	/**
643	* Internal: check if all files are closed, prevent leaking resources.
644	*/
645	static int vmdkFileCheckAllClose(PVMDKIMAGE pImage)
646	{
647	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS, rc2;
648	PVMDKFILE pVmdkFile;
649
650	Assert(pImage->pFiles == NULL);
651	for (pVmdkFile = pImage->pFiles;
652	pVmdkFile != NULL;
653	pVmdkFile = pVmdkFile->pNext)
654	{
655	LogRel(("VMDK: leaking reference to file \"%s\"\n",
656	pVmdkFile->pszFilename));
657	pImage->pFiles = pVmdkFile->pNext;
658
659	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_ASYNC_IO)
660	rc2 = pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnClose(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
661	pVmdkFile->pStorage);
662	else
663	rc2 = RTFileClose(pVmdkFile->File);
664
665	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc) && pVmdkFile->fDelete)
666	rc2 = RTFileDelete(pVmdkFile->pszFilename);
667	RTStrFree((char )(void )pVmdkFile->pszFilename);
668	RTMemFree(pVmdkFile);
669	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc))
670	rc = rc2;
671	}
672	return rc;
673	}
674
675	/**
676	* Internal: truncate a string (at a UTF8 code point boundary) and encode the
677	* critical non-ASCII characters.
678	*/
679	static char vmdkEncodeString(const char psz)
680	{
681	char szEnc[VMDK_ENCODED_COMMENT_MAX + 3];
682	char *pszDst = szEnc;
683
684	Assert(VALID_PTR(psz));
685
686	for (; *psz; psz = RTStrNextCp(psz))
687	{
688	char *pszDstPrev = pszDst;
689	RTUNICP Cp = RTStrGetCp(psz);
690	if (Cp == '\\')
691	{
692	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, Cp);
693	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, Cp);
694	}
695	else if (Cp == '\n')
696	{
697	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, '\\');
698	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, 'n');
699	}
700	else if (Cp == '\r')
701	{
702	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, '\\');
703	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, 'r');
704	}
705	else
706	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, Cp);
707	if (pszDst - szEnc >= VMDK_ENCODED_COMMENT_MAX - 1)
708	{
709	pszDst = pszDstPrev;
710	break;
711	}
712	}
713	*pszDst = '\0';
714	return RTStrDup(szEnc);
715	}
716
717	/**
718	* Internal: decode a string and store it into the specified string.
719	*/
720	static int vmdkDecodeString(const char pszEncoded, char psz, size_t cb)
721	{
722	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
723	char szBuf[4];
724
725	if (!cb)
726	return VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW;
727
728	Assert(VALID_PTR(psz));
729
730	for (; *pszEncoded; pszEncoded = RTStrNextCp(pszEncoded))
731	{
732	char *pszDst = szBuf;
733	RTUNICP Cp = RTStrGetCp(pszEncoded);
734	if (Cp == '\\')
735	{
736	pszEncoded = RTStrNextCp(pszEncoded);
737	RTUNICP CpQ = RTStrGetCp(pszEncoded);
738	if (CpQ == 'n')
739	RTStrPutCp(pszDst, '\n');
740	else if (CpQ == 'r')
741	RTStrPutCp(pszDst, '\r');
742	else if (CpQ == '\0')
743	{
744	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER;
745	break;
746	}
747	else
748	RTStrPutCp(pszDst, CpQ);
749	}
750	else
751	pszDst = RTStrPutCp(pszDst, Cp);
752
753	/* Need to leave space for terminating NUL. */
754	if ((size_t)(pszDst - szBuf) + 1 >= cb)
755	{
756	rc = VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW;
757	break;
758	}
759	memcpy(psz, szBuf, pszDst - szBuf);
760	psz += pszDst - szBuf;
761	}
762	*psz = '\0';
763	return rc;
764	}
765
766	static int vmdkReadGrainDirectory(PVMDKEXTENT pExtent)
767	{
768	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
769	unsigned i;
770	uint32_t pGD = NULL, pRGD = NULL, pGDTmp, pRGDTmp;
771	size_t cbGD = pExtent->cGDEntries * sizeof(uint32_t);
772
773	pGD = (uint32_t *)RTMemAllocZ(cbGD);
774	if (!pGD)
775	{
776	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
777	goto out;
778	}
779	pExtent->pGD = pGD;
780	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorGD),
781	pGD, cbGD, NULL);
782	AssertRC(rc);
783	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
784	{
785	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not read grain directory in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
786	goto out;
787	}
788	for (i = 0, pGDTmp = pGD; i < pExtent->cGDEntries; i++, pGDTmp++)
789	pGDTmp = RT_LE2H_U32(pGDTmp);
790
791	if (pExtent->uSectorRGD)
792	{
793	pRGD = (uint32_t *)RTMemAllocZ(cbGD);
794	if (!pRGD)
795	{
796	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
797	goto out;
798	}
799	pExtent->pRGD = pRGD;
800	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorRGD),
801	pRGD, cbGD, NULL);
802	AssertRC(rc);
803	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
804	{
805	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not read redundant grain directory in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
806	goto out;
807	}
808	for (i = 0, pRGDTmp = pRGD; i < pExtent->cGDEntries; i++, pRGDTmp++)
809	pRGDTmp = RT_LE2H_U32(pRGDTmp);
810
811	/* Check grain table and redundant grain table for consistency. */
812	size_t cbGT = pExtent->cGTEntries;
813	uint32_t pTmpGT1 = (uint32_t )RTMemTmpAlloc(cbGT);
814	if (!pTmpGT1)
815	{
816	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
817	goto out;
818	}
819	uint32_t pTmpGT2 = (uint32_t )RTMemTmpAlloc(cbGT);
820	if (!pTmpGT2)
821	{
822	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT1);
823	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
824	goto out;
825	}
826
827	for (i = 0, pGDTmp = pGD, pRGDTmp = pRGD;
828	i < pExtent->cGDEntries;
829	i++, pGDTmp++, pRGDTmp++)
830	{
831	/* If no grain table is allocated skip the entry. */
832	if (pGDTmp == 0 && pRGDTmp == 0)
833	continue;
834
835	if (pGDTmp == 0 \|\| pRGDTmp == 0 \|\| pGDTmp == pRGDTmp)
836	{
837	/* Just one grain directory entry refers to a not yet allocated
838	* grain table or both grain directory copies refer to the same
839	* grain table. Not allowed. */
840	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT1);
841	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT2);
842	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: inconsistent references to grain directory in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
843	goto out;
844	}
845	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(*pGDTmp),
846	pTmpGT1, cbGT, NULL);
847	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
848	{
849	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error reading grain table in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
850	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT1);
851	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT2);
852	goto out;
853	}
854	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(*pRGDTmp),
855	pTmpGT2, cbGT, NULL);
856	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
857	{
858	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error reading backup grain table in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
859	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT1);
860	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT2);
861	goto out;
862	}
863	if (memcmp(pTmpGT1, pTmpGT2, cbGT))
864	{
865	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT1);
866	RTMemTmpFree(pTmpGT2);
867	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: inconsistency between grain table and backup grain table in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
868	goto out;
869	}
870	}
871
872	/** @todo figure out what to do for unclean VMDKs. */
873	}
874
875	out:
876	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
877	vmdkFreeGrainDirectory(pExtent);
878	return rc;
879	}
880
881	static int vmdkCreateGrainDirectory(PVMDKEXTENT pExtent, uint64_t uStartSector,
882	bool fPreAlloc)
883	{
884	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
885	unsigned i;
886	uint32_t pGD = NULL, pRGD = NULL;
887	size_t cbGD = pExtent->cGDEntries * sizeof(uint32_t);
888	size_t cbGDRounded = RT_ALIGN_64(pExtent->cGDEntries * sizeof(uint32_t), 512);
889	size_t cbGTRounded;
890	uint64_t cbOverhead;
891
892	if (fPreAlloc)
893	cbGTRounded = RT_ALIGN_64(pExtent->cGDEntries * pExtent->cGTEntries * sizeof(uint32_t), 512);
894	else
895	cbGTRounded = 0;
896
897	pGD = (uint32_t *)RTMemAllocZ(cbGD);
898	if (!pGD)
899	{
900	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
901	goto out;
902	}
903	pExtent->pGD = pGD;
904	pRGD = (uint32_t *)RTMemAllocZ(cbGD);
905	if (!pRGD)
906	{
907	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
908	goto out;
909	}
910	pExtent->pRGD = pRGD;
911
912	cbOverhead = RT_ALIGN_64(VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uStartSector) + 2 * (cbGDRounded + cbGTRounded), VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain));
913	rc = vmdkFileSetSize(pExtent->pFile, cbOverhead);
914	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
915	goto out;
916	pExtent->uSectorRGD = uStartSector;
917	pExtent->uSectorGD = uStartSector + VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbGDRounded + cbGTRounded);
918
919	if (fPreAlloc)
920	{
921	uint32_t uGTSectorLE;
922	uint64_t uOffsetSectors;
923
924	uOffsetSectors = pExtent->uSectorRGD + VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbGDRounded);
925	for (i = 0; i < pExtent->cGDEntries; i++)
926	{
927	pRGD[i] = uOffsetSectors;
928	uGTSectorLE = RT_H2LE_U64(uOffsetSectors);
929	/* Write the redundant grain directory entry to disk. */
930	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
931	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorRGD) + i * sizeof(uGTSectorLE),
932	&uGTSectorLE, sizeof(uGTSectorLE), NULL);
933	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
934	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write new redundant grain directory entry in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
935	uOffsetSectors += VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pExtent->cGTEntries * sizeof(uint32_t));
936	}
937
938	uOffsetSectors = pExtent->uSectorGD + VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbGDRounded);
939	for (i = 0; i < pExtent->cGDEntries; i++)
940	{
941	pGD[i] = uOffsetSectors;
942	uGTSectorLE = RT_H2LE_U64(uOffsetSectors);
943	/* Write the grain directory entry to disk. */
944	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
945	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorGD) + i * sizeof(uGTSectorLE),
946	&uGTSectorLE, sizeof(uGTSectorLE), NULL);
947	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
948	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write new grain directory entry in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
949	uOffsetSectors += VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pExtent->cGTEntries * sizeof(uint32_t));
950	}
951	}
952	pExtent->cOverheadSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbOverhead);
953
954	out:
955	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
956	vmdkFreeGrainDirectory(pExtent);
957	return rc;
958	}
959
960	static void vmdkFreeGrainDirectory(PVMDKEXTENT pExtent)
961	{
962	if (pExtent->pGD)
963	{
964	RTMemFree(pExtent->pGD);
965	pExtent->pGD = NULL;
966	}
967	if (pExtent->pRGD)
968	{
969	RTMemFree(pExtent->pRGD);
970	pExtent->pRGD = NULL;
971	}
972	}
973
974	static int vmdkStringUnquote(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, const char *pszStr,
975	char ppszUnquoted, char ppszNext)
976	{
977	char *pszQ;
978	char *pszUnquoted;
979
980	/* Skip over whitespace. */
981	while (pszStr == ' ' \|\| pszStr == '\t')
982	pszStr++;
983	if (*pszStr++ != '"')
984	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: incorrectly quoted value in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
985
986	pszQ = (char *)strchr(pszStr, '"');
987	if (pszQ == NULL)
988	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: incorrectly quoted value in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
989	pszUnquoted = (char *)RTMemTmpAlloc(pszQ - pszStr + 1);
990	if (!pszUnquoted)
991	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
992	memcpy(pszUnquoted, pszStr, pszQ - pszStr);
993	pszUnquoted[pszQ - pszStr] = '\0';
994	*ppszUnquoted = pszUnquoted;
995	if (ppszNext)
996	*ppszNext = pszQ + 1;
997	return VINF_SUCCESS;
998	}
999
1000	static int vmdkDescInitStr(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1001	const char *pszLine)
1002	{
1003	char *pEnd = pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines];
1004	ssize_t cbDiff = strlen(pszLine) + 1;
1005
1006	if ( pDescriptor->cLines >= VMDK_DESCRIPTOR_LINES_MAX - 1
1007	&& pEnd - pDescriptor->aLines[0] > (ptrdiff_t)pDescriptor->cbDescAlloc - cbDiff)
1008	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: descriptor too big in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1009
1010	memcpy(pEnd, pszLine, cbDiff);
1011	pDescriptor->cLines++;
1012	pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines] = pEnd + cbDiff;
1013	pDescriptor->fDirty = true;
1014
1015	return VINF_SUCCESS;
1016	}
1017
1018	static bool vmdkDescGetStr(PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor, unsigned uStart,
1019	const char pszKey, const char *ppszValue)
1020	{
1021	size_t cbKey = strlen(pszKey);
1022	const char *pszValue;
1023
1024	while (uStart != 0)
1025	{
1026	if (!strncmp(pDescriptor->aLines[uStart], pszKey, cbKey))
1027	{
1028	/* Key matches, check for a '=' (preceded by whitespace). */
1029	pszValue = pDescriptor->aLines[uStart] + cbKey;
1030	while (pszValue == ' ' \|\| pszValue == '\t')
1031	pszValue++;
1032	if (*pszValue == '=')
1033	{
1034	*ppszValue = pszValue + 1;
1035	break;
1036	}
1037	}
1038	uStart = pDescriptor->aNextLines[uStart];
1039	}
1040	return !!uStart;
1041	}
1042
1043	static int vmdkDescSetStr(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1044	unsigned uStart,
1045	const char pszKey, const char pszValue)
1046	{
1047	char *pszTmp;
1048	size_t cbKey = strlen(pszKey);
1049	unsigned uLast = 0;
1050
1051	while (uStart != 0)
1052	{
1053	if (!strncmp(pDescriptor->aLines[uStart], pszKey, cbKey))
1054	{
1055	/* Key matches, check for a '=' (preceded by whitespace). */
1056	pszTmp = pDescriptor->aLines[uStart] + cbKey;
1057	while (pszTmp == ' ' \|\| pszTmp == '\t')
1058	pszTmp++;
1059	if (*pszTmp == '=')
1060	{
1061	pszTmp++;
1062	while (pszTmp == ' ' \|\| pszTmp == '\t')
1063	pszTmp++;
1064	break;
1065	}
1066	}
1067	if (!pDescriptor->aNextLines[uStart])
1068	uLast = uStart;
1069	uStart = pDescriptor->aNextLines[uStart];
1070	}
1071	if (uStart)
1072	{
1073	if (pszValue)
1074	{
1075	/* Key already exists, replace existing value. */
1076	size_t cbOldVal = strlen(pszTmp);
1077	size_t cbNewVal = strlen(pszValue);
1078	ssize_t cbDiff = cbNewVal - cbOldVal;
1079	/* Check for buffer overflow. */
1080	if ( pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines]
1081	- pDescriptor->aLines[0] > (ptrdiff_t)pDescriptor->cbDescAlloc - cbDiff)
1082	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: descriptor too big in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1083
1084	memmove(pszTmp + cbNewVal, pszTmp + cbOldVal,
1085	pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines] - pszTmp - cbOldVal);
1086	memcpy(pszTmp, pszValue, cbNewVal + 1);
1087	for (unsigned i = uStart + 1; i <= pDescriptor->cLines; i++)
1088	pDescriptor->aLines[i] += cbDiff;
1089	}
1090	else
1091	{
1092	memmove(pDescriptor->aLines[uStart], pDescriptor->aLines[uStart+1],
1093	pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines] - pDescriptor->aLines[uStart+1] + 1);
1094	for (unsigned i = uStart + 1; i <= pDescriptor->cLines; i++)
1095	{
1096	pDescriptor->aLines[i-1] = pDescriptor->aLines[i];
1097	if (pDescriptor->aNextLines[i])
1098	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i-1] = pDescriptor->aNextLines[i] - 1;
1099	else
1100	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i-1] = 0;
1101	}
1102	pDescriptor->cLines--;
1103	/* Adjust starting line numbers of following descriptor sections. */
1104	if (uStart < pDescriptor->uFirstExtent)
1105	pDescriptor->uFirstExtent--;
1106	if (uStart < pDescriptor->uFirstDDB)
1107	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB--;
1108	}
1109	}
1110	else
1111	{
1112	/* Key doesn't exist, append after the last entry in this category. */
1113	if (!pszValue)
1114	{
1115	/* Key doesn't exist, and it should be removed. Simply a no-op. */
1116	return VINF_SUCCESS;
1117	}
1118	size_t cbKey = strlen(pszKey);
1119	size_t cbValue = strlen(pszValue);
1120	ssize_t cbDiff = cbKey + 1 + cbValue + 1;
1121	/* Check for buffer overflow. */
1122	if ( (pDescriptor->cLines >= VMDK_DESCRIPTOR_LINES_MAX - 1)
1123	\|\| ( pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines]
1124	- pDescriptor->aLines[0] > (ptrdiff_t)pDescriptor->cbDescAlloc - cbDiff))
1125	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: descriptor too big in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1126	for (unsigned i = pDescriptor->cLines + 1; i > uLast + 1; i--)
1127	{
1128	pDescriptor->aLines[i] = pDescriptor->aLines[i - 1];
1129	if (pDescriptor->aNextLines[i - 1])
1130	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i] = pDescriptor->aNextLines[i - 1] + 1;
1131	else
1132	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i] = 0;
1133	}
1134	uStart = uLast + 1;
1135	pDescriptor->aNextLines[uLast] = uStart;
1136	pDescriptor->aNextLines[uStart] = 0;
1137	pDescriptor->cLines++;
1138	pszTmp = pDescriptor->aLines[uStart];
1139	memmove(pszTmp + cbDiff, pszTmp,
1140	pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines] - pszTmp);
1141	memcpy(pDescriptor->aLines[uStart], pszKey, cbKey);
1142	pDescriptor->aLines[uStart][cbKey] = '=';
1143	memcpy(pDescriptor->aLines[uStart] + cbKey + 1, pszValue, cbValue + 1);
1144	for (unsigned i = uStart + 1; i <= pDescriptor->cLines; i++)
1145	pDescriptor->aLines[i] += cbDiff;
1146
1147	/* Adjust starting line numbers of following descriptor sections. */
1148	if (uStart <= pDescriptor->uFirstExtent)
1149	pDescriptor->uFirstExtent++;
1150	if (uStart <= pDescriptor->uFirstDDB)
1151	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB++;
1152	}
1153	pDescriptor->fDirty = true;
1154	return VINF_SUCCESS;
1155	}
1156
1157	static int vmdkDescBaseGetU32(PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor, const char *pszKey,
1158	uint32_t *puValue)
1159	{
1160	const char *pszValue;
1161
1162	if (!vmdkDescGetStr(pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDesc, pszKey,
1163	&pszValue))
1164	return VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND;
1165	return RTStrToUInt32Ex(pszValue, NULL, 10, puValue);
1166	}
1167
1168	static int vmdkDescBaseGetStr(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1169	const char pszKey, const char *ppszValue)
1170	{
1171	const char *pszValue;
1172	char *pszValueUnquoted;
1173
1174	if (!vmdkDescGetStr(pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDesc, pszKey,
1175	&pszValue))
1176	return VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND;
1177	int rc = vmdkStringUnquote(pImage, pszValue, &pszValueUnquoted, NULL);
1178	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1179	return rc;
1180	*ppszValue = pszValueUnquoted;
1181	return rc;
1182	}
1183
1184	static int vmdkDescBaseSetStr(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1185	const char pszKey, const char pszValue)
1186	{
1187	char *pszValueQuoted;
1188
1189	int rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszValueQuoted, "\"%s\"", pszValue);
1190	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1191	return rc;
1192	rc = vmdkDescSetStr(pImage, pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDesc, pszKey,
1193	pszValueQuoted);
1194	RTStrFree(pszValueQuoted);
1195	return rc;
1196	}
1197
1198	static void vmdkDescExtRemoveDummy(PVMDKIMAGE pImage,
1199	PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor)
1200	{
1201	unsigned uEntry = pDescriptor->uFirstExtent;
1202	ssize_t cbDiff;
1203
1204	if (!uEntry)
1205	return;
1206
1207	cbDiff = strlen(pDescriptor->aLines[uEntry]) + 1;
1208	/* Move everything including \0 in the entry marking the end of buffer. */
1209	memmove(pDescriptor->aLines[uEntry], pDescriptor->aLines[uEntry + 1],
1210	pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines] - pDescriptor->aLines[uEntry + 1] + 1);
1211	for (unsigned i = uEntry + 1; i <= pDescriptor->cLines; i++)
1212	{
1213	pDescriptor->aLines[i - 1] = pDescriptor->aLines[i] - cbDiff;
1214	if (pDescriptor->aNextLines[i])
1215	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i - 1] = pDescriptor->aNextLines[i] - 1;
1216	else
1217	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i - 1] = 0;
1218	}
1219	pDescriptor->cLines--;
1220	if (pDescriptor->uFirstDDB)
1221	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB--;
1222
1223	return;
1224	}
1225
1226	static int vmdkDescExtInsert(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1227	VMDKACCESS enmAccess, uint64_t cNominalSectors,
1228	VMDKETYPE enmType, const char *pszBasename,
1229	uint64_t uSectorOffset)
1230	{
1231	static const char *apszAccess[] = { "NOACCESS", "RDONLY", "RW" };
1232	static const char *apszType[] = { "", "SPARSE", "FLAT", "ZERO" };
1233	char *pszTmp;
1234	unsigned uStart = pDescriptor->uFirstExtent, uLast = 0;
1235	char szExt[1024];
1236	ssize_t cbDiff;
1237
1238	/* Find last entry in extent description. */
1239	while (uStart)
1240	{
1241	if (!pDescriptor->aNextLines[uStart])
1242	uLast = uStart;
1243	uStart = pDescriptor->aNextLines[uStart];
1244	}
1245
1246	if (enmType == VMDKETYPE_ZERO)
1247	{
1248	RTStrPrintf(szExt, sizeof(szExt), "%s %llu %s ", apszAccess[enmAccess],
1249	cNominalSectors, apszType[enmType]);
1250	}
1251	else
1252	{
1253	if (!uSectorOffset)
1254	RTStrPrintf(szExt, sizeof(szExt), "%s %llu %s \"%s\"",
1255	apszAccess[enmAccess], cNominalSectors,
1256	apszType[enmType], pszBasename);
1257	else
1258	RTStrPrintf(szExt, sizeof(szExt), "%s %llu %s \"%s\" %llu",
1259	apszAccess[enmAccess], cNominalSectors,
1260	apszType[enmType], pszBasename, uSectorOffset);
1261	}
1262	cbDiff = strlen(szExt) + 1;
1263
1264	/* Check for buffer overflow. */
1265	if ( (pDescriptor->cLines >= VMDK_DESCRIPTOR_LINES_MAX - 1)
1266	\|\| ( pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines]
1267	- pDescriptor->aLines[0] > (ptrdiff_t)pDescriptor->cbDescAlloc - cbDiff))
1268	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: descriptor too big in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1269
1270	for (unsigned i = pDescriptor->cLines + 1; i > uLast + 1; i--)
1271	{
1272	pDescriptor->aLines[i] = pDescriptor->aLines[i - 1];
1273	if (pDescriptor->aNextLines[i - 1])
1274	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i] = pDescriptor->aNextLines[i - 1] + 1;
1275	else
1276	pDescriptor->aNextLines[i] = 0;
1277	}
1278	uStart = uLast + 1;
1279	pDescriptor->aNextLines[uLast] = uStart;
1280	pDescriptor->aNextLines[uStart] = 0;
1281	pDescriptor->cLines++;
1282	pszTmp = pDescriptor->aLines[uStart];
1283	memmove(pszTmp + cbDiff, pszTmp,
1284	pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines] - pszTmp);
1285	memcpy(pDescriptor->aLines[uStart], szExt, cbDiff);
1286	for (unsigned i = uStart + 1; i <= pDescriptor->cLines; i++)
1287	pDescriptor->aLines[i] += cbDiff;
1288
1289	/* Adjust starting line numbers of following descriptor sections. */
1290	if (uStart <= pDescriptor->uFirstDDB)
1291	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB++;
1292
1293	pDescriptor->fDirty = true;
1294	return VINF_SUCCESS;
1295	}
1296
1297	static int vmdkDescDDBGetStr(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1298	const char pszKey, const char *ppszValue)
1299	{
1300	const char *pszValue;
1301	char *pszValueUnquoted;
1302
1303	if (!vmdkDescGetStr(pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDDB, pszKey,
1304	&pszValue))
1305	return VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND;
1306	int rc = vmdkStringUnquote(pImage, pszValue, &pszValueUnquoted, NULL);
1307	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1308	return rc;
1309	*ppszValue = pszValueUnquoted;
1310	return rc;
1311	}
1312
1313	static int vmdkDescDDBGetU32(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1314	const char pszKey, uint32_t puValue)
1315	{
1316	const char *pszValue;
1317	char *pszValueUnquoted;
1318
1319	if (!vmdkDescGetStr(pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDDB, pszKey,
1320	&pszValue))
1321	return VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND;
1322	int rc = vmdkStringUnquote(pImage, pszValue, &pszValueUnquoted, NULL);
1323	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1324	return rc;
1325	rc = RTStrToUInt32Ex(pszValueUnquoted, NULL, 10, puValue);
1326	RTMemTmpFree(pszValueUnquoted);
1327	return rc;
1328	}
1329
1330	static int vmdkDescDDBGetUuid(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1331	const char *pszKey, PRTUUID pUuid)
1332	{
1333	const char *pszValue;
1334	char *pszValueUnquoted;
1335
1336	if (!vmdkDescGetStr(pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDDB, pszKey,
1337	&pszValue))
1338	return VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND;
1339	int rc = vmdkStringUnquote(pImage, pszValue, &pszValueUnquoted, NULL);
1340	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1341	return rc;
1342	rc = RTUuidFromStr(pUuid, pszValueUnquoted);
1343	RTMemTmpFree(pszValueUnquoted);
1344	return rc;
1345	}
1346
1347	static int vmdkDescDDBSetStr(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1348	const char pszKey, const char pszVal)
1349	{
1350	int rc;
1351	char *pszValQuoted;
1352
1353	if (pszVal)
1354	{
1355	rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszValQuoted, "\"%s\"", pszVal);
1356	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1357	return rc;
1358	}
1359	else
1360	pszValQuoted = NULL;
1361	rc = vmdkDescSetStr(pImage, pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDDB, pszKey,
1362	pszValQuoted);
1363	if (pszValQuoted)
1364	RTStrFree(pszValQuoted);
1365	return rc;
1366	}
1367
1368	static int vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1369	const char *pszKey, PCRTUUID pUuid)
1370	{
1371	char *pszUuid;
1372
1373	int rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszUuid, "\"%Vuuid\"", pUuid);
1374	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1375	return rc;
1376	rc = vmdkDescSetStr(pImage, pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDDB, pszKey,
1377	pszUuid);
1378	RTStrFree(pszUuid);
1379	return rc;
1380	}
1381
1382	static int vmdkDescDDBSetU32(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor,
1383	const char *pszKey, uint32_t uValue)
1384	{
1385	char *pszValue;
1386
1387	int rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszValue, "\"%d\"", uValue);
1388	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1389	return rc;
1390	rc = vmdkDescSetStr(pImage, pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDDB, pszKey,
1391	pszValue);
1392	RTStrFree(pszValue);
1393	return rc;
1394	}
1395
1396	static int vmdkPreprocessDescriptor(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, char *pDescData,
1397	size_t cbDescData,
1398	PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor)
1399	{
1400	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
1401	unsigned cLine = 0, uLastNonEmptyLine = 0;
1402	char *pTmp = pDescData;
1403
1404	pDescriptor->cbDescAlloc = cbDescData;
1405	while (*pTmp != '\0')
1406	{
1407	pDescriptor->aLines[cLine++] = pTmp;
1408	if (cLine >= VMDK_DESCRIPTOR_LINES_MAX)
1409	{
1410	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: descriptor too big in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1411	goto out;
1412	}
1413
1414	while (pTmp != '\0' && pTmp != '\n')
1415	{
1416	if (*pTmp == '\r')
1417	{
1418	if (*(pTmp + 1) != '\n')
1419	{
1420	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: unsupported end of line in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1421	goto out;
1422	}
1423	else
1424	{
1425	/* Get rid of CR character. */
1426	*pTmp = '\0';
1427	}
1428	}
1429	pTmp++;
1430	}
1431	/* Get rid of LF character. */
1432	if (*pTmp == '\n')
1433	{
1434	*pTmp = '\0';
1435	pTmp++;
1436	}
1437	}
1438	pDescriptor->cLines = cLine;
1439	/* Pointer right after the end of the used part of the buffer. */
1440	pDescriptor->aLines[cLine] = pTmp;
1441
1442	if (strcmp(pDescriptor->aLines[0], "# Disk DescriptorFile"))
1443	{
1444	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: descriptor does not start as expected in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1445	goto out;
1446	}
1447
1448	/* Initialize those, because we need to be able to reopen an image. */
1449	pDescriptor->uFirstDesc = 0;
1450	pDescriptor->uFirstExtent = 0;
1451	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB = 0;
1452	for (unsigned i = 0; i < cLine; i++)
1453	{
1454	if (pDescriptor->aLines[i] != '#' && pDescriptor->aLines[i] != '\0')
1455	{
1456	if ( !strncmp(pDescriptor->aLines[i], "RW", 2)
1457	\|\| !strncmp(pDescriptor->aLines[i], "RDONLY", 6)
1458	\|\| !strncmp(pDescriptor->aLines[i], "NOACCESS", 8) )
1459	{
1460	/* An extent descriptor. */
1461	if (!pDescriptor->uFirstDesc \|\| pDescriptor->uFirstDDB)
1462	{
1463	/* Incorrect ordering of entries. */
1464	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: incorrect ordering of entries in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1465	goto out;
1466	}
1467	if (!pDescriptor->uFirstExtent)
1468	{
1469	pDescriptor->uFirstExtent = i;
1470	uLastNonEmptyLine = 0;
1471	}
1472	}
1473	else if (!strncmp(pDescriptor->aLines[i], "ddb.", 4))
1474	{
1475	/* A disk database entry. */
1476	if (!pDescriptor->uFirstDesc \|\| !pDescriptor->uFirstExtent)
1477	{
1478	/* Incorrect ordering of entries. */
1479	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: incorrect ordering of entries in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1480	goto out;
1481	}
1482	if (!pDescriptor->uFirstDDB)
1483	{
1484	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB = i;
1485	uLastNonEmptyLine = 0;
1486	}
1487	}
1488	else
1489	{
1490	/* A normal entry. */
1491	if (pDescriptor->uFirstExtent \|\| pDescriptor->uFirstDDB)
1492	{
1493	/* Incorrect ordering of entries. */
1494	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: incorrect ordering of entries in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1495	goto out;
1496	}
1497	if (!pDescriptor->uFirstDesc)
1498	{
1499	pDescriptor->uFirstDesc = i;
1500	uLastNonEmptyLine = 0;
1501	}
1502	}
1503	if (uLastNonEmptyLine)
1504	pDescriptor->aNextLines[uLastNonEmptyLine] = i;
1505	uLastNonEmptyLine = i;
1506	}
1507	}
1508
1509	out:
1510	return rc;
1511	}
1512
1513	static int vmdkDescSetPCHSGeometry(PVMDKIMAGE pImage,
1514	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pPCHSGeometry)
1515	{
1516	int rc = vmdkDescDDBSetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1517	VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_CYLINDERS,
1518	pPCHSGeometry->cCylinders);
1519	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1520	return rc;
1521	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1522	VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_HEADS,
1523	pPCHSGeometry->cHeads);
1524	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1525	return rc;
1526	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1527	VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_SECTORS,
1528	pPCHSGeometry->cSectors);
1529	return rc;
1530	}
1531
1532	static int vmdkDescSetLCHSGeometry(PVMDKIMAGE pImage,
1533	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pLCHSGeometry)
1534	{
1535	int rc = vmdkDescDDBSetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1536	VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_CYLINDERS,
1537	pLCHSGeometry->cCylinders);
1538	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1539	return rc;
1540	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1541	VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_HEADS,
1542	pLCHSGeometry->cHeads);
1543	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1544	return rc;
1545	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1546	VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_SECTORS,
1547	pLCHSGeometry->cSectors);
1548	return rc;
1549	}
1550
1551	static int vmdkCreateDescriptor(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, char *pDescData,
1552	size_t cbDescData, PVMDKDESCRIPTOR pDescriptor)
1553	{
1554	int rc;
1555
1556	pDescriptor->uFirstDesc = 0;
1557	pDescriptor->uFirstExtent = 0;
1558	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB = 0;
1559	pDescriptor->cLines = 0;
1560	pDescriptor->cbDescAlloc = cbDescData;
1561	pDescriptor->fDirty = false;
1562	pDescriptor->aLines[pDescriptor->cLines] = pDescData;
1563	memset(pDescriptor->aNextLines, '\0', sizeof(pDescriptor->aNextLines));
1564
1565	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "# Disk DescriptorFile");
1566	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1567	goto out;
1568	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "version=1");
1569	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1570	goto out;
1571	pDescriptor->uFirstDesc = pDescriptor->cLines - 1;
1572	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "");
1573	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1574	goto out;
1575	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "# Extent description");
1576	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1577	goto out;
1578	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "NOACCESS 0 ZERO ");
1579	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1580	goto out;
1581	pDescriptor->uFirstExtent = pDescriptor->cLines - 1;
1582	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "");
1583	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1584	goto out;
1585	/* The trailing space is created by VMware, too. */
1586	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "# The disk Data Base ");
1587	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1588	goto out;
1589	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "#DDB");
1590	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1591	goto out;
1592	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "");
1593	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1594	goto out;
1595	rc = vmdkDescInitStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"4\"");
1596	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1597	goto out;
1598	pDescriptor->uFirstDDB = pDescriptor->cLines - 1;
1599
1600	/* Now that the framework is in place, use the normal functions to insert
1601	* the remaining keys. */
1602	char szBuf[9];
1603	RTStrPrintf(szBuf, sizeof(szBuf), "%08x", RTRandU32());
1604	rc = vmdkDescSetStr(pImage, pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDesc,
1605	"CID", szBuf);
1606	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1607	goto out;
1608	rc = vmdkDescSetStr(pImage, pDescriptor, pDescriptor->uFirstDesc,
1609	"parentCID", "ffffffff");
1610	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1611	goto out;
1612
1613	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetStr(pImage, pDescriptor, "ddb.adapterType", "ide");
1614	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1615	goto out;
1616
1617	out:
1618	return rc;
1619	}
1620
1621	static int vmdkParseDescriptor(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, char *pDescData,
1622	size_t cbDescData)
1623	{
1624	int rc;
1625	unsigned cExtents;
1626	unsigned uLine;
1627
1628	rc = vmdkPreprocessDescriptor(pImage, pDescData, cbDescData,
1629	&pImage->Descriptor);
1630	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1631	return rc;
1632
1633	/* Check version, must be 1. */
1634	uint32_t uVersion;
1635	rc = vmdkDescBaseGetU32(&pImage->Descriptor, "version", &uVersion);
1636	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1637	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error finding key 'version' in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1638	if (uVersion != 1)
1639	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: unsupported format version in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1640
1641	/* Get image creation type and determine image flags. */
1642	const char *pszCreateType;
1643	rc = vmdkDescBaseGetStr(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor, "createType",
1644	&pszCreateType);
1645	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1646	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot get image type from descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1647	if ( !strcmp(pszCreateType, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse")
1648	\|\| !strcmp(pszCreateType, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat"))
1649	pImage->uImageFlags = VD_VMDK_IMAGE_FLAGS_SPLIT_2G;
1650	if ( !strcmp(pszCreateType, "partitionedDevice")
1651	\|\| !strcmp(pszCreateType, "fullDevice"))
1652	pImage->uImageFlags = VD_VMDK_IMAGE_FLAGS_RAWDISK;
1653	else
1654	pImage->uImageFlags = 0;
1655	RTStrFree((char )(void )pszCreateType);
1656
1657	/* Count the number of extent config entries. */
1658	for (uLine = pImage->Descriptor.uFirstExtent, cExtents = 0;
1659	uLine != 0;
1660	uLine = pImage->Descriptor.aNextLines[uLine], cExtents++)
1661	/* nothing */;
1662
1663	if (!pImage->pDescData && cExtents != 1)
1664	{
1665	/* Monolithic image, must have only one extent (already opened). */
1666	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: monolithic image may only have one extent in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1667	}
1668
1669	if (pImage->pDescData)
1670	{
1671	/* Non-monolithic image, extents need to be allocated. */
1672	rc = vmdkCreateExtents(pImage, cExtents);
1673	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1674	return rc;
1675	}
1676
1677	for (unsigned i = 0, uLine = pImage->Descriptor.uFirstExtent;
1678	i < cExtents; i++, uLine = pImage->Descriptor.aNextLines[uLine])
1679	{
1680	char *pszLine = pImage->Descriptor.aLines[uLine];
1681
1682	/* Access type of the extent. */
1683	if (!strncmp(pszLine, "RW", 2))
1684	{
1685	pImage->pExtents[i].enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
1686	pszLine += 2;
1687	}
1688	else if (!strncmp(pszLine, "RDONLY", 6))
1689	{
1690	pImage->pExtents[i].enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READONLY;
1691	pszLine += 6;
1692	}
1693	else if (!strncmp(pszLine, "NOACCESS", 8))
1694	{
1695	pImage->pExtents[i].enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_NOACCESS;
1696	pszLine += 8;
1697	}
1698	else
1699	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1700	if (*pszLine++ != ' ')
1701	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1702
1703	/* Nominal size of the extent. */
1704	rc = RTStrToUInt64Ex(pszLine, &pszLine, 10,
1705	&pImage->pExtents[i].cNominalSectors);
1706	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1707	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1708	if (*pszLine++ != ' ')
1709	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1710
1711	/* Type of the extent. */
1712	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
1713	/** @todo Add the ESX extent types. Not necessary for now because
1714	* the ESX extent types are only used inside an ESX server. They are
1715	* automatically converted if the VMDK is exported. */
1716	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
1717	if (!strncmp(pszLine, "SPARSE", 6))
1718	{
1719	pImage->pExtents[i].enmType = VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE;
1720	pszLine += 6;
1721	}
1722	else if (!strncmp(pszLine, "FLAT", 4))
1723	{
1724	pImage->pExtents[i].enmType = VMDKETYPE_FLAT;
1725	pszLine += 4;
1726	}
1727	else if (!strncmp(pszLine, "ZERO", 4))
1728	{
1729	pImage->pExtents[i].enmType = VMDKETYPE_ZERO;
1730	pszLine += 4;
1731	}
1732	else
1733	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1734	if (pImage->pExtents[i].enmType == VMDKETYPE_ZERO)
1735	{
1736	/* This one has no basename or offset. */
1737	if (*pszLine == ' ')
1738	pszLine++;
1739	if (*pszLine != '\0')
1740	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1741	pImage->pExtents[i].pszBasename = NULL;
1742	}
1743	else
1744	{
1745	/* All other extent types have basename and optional offset. */
1746	if (*pszLine++ != ' ')
1747	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1748
1749	/* Basename of the image. Surrounded by quotes. */
1750	char *pszBasename;
1751	rc = vmdkStringUnquote(pImage, pszLine, &pszBasename, &pszLine);
1752	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1753	return rc;
1754	pImage->pExtents[i].pszBasename = pszBasename;
1755	if (*pszLine == ' ')
1756	{
1757	pszLine++;
1758	if (*pszLine != '\0')
1759	{
1760	/* Optional offset in extent specified. */
1761	rc = RTStrToUInt64Ex(pszLine, &pszLine, 10,
1762	&pImage->pExtents[i].uSectorOffset);
1763	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1764	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1765	}
1766	}
1767
1768	if (*pszLine != '\0')
1769	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: parse error in extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1770	}
1771	}
1772
1773	/* Determine PCHS geometry (autogenerate if necessary). */
1774	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1775	VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_CYLINDERS,
1776	&pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders);
1777	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1778	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders = 0;
1779	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1780	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting PCHS geometry from extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1781	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1782	VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_HEADS,
1783	&pImage->PCHSGeometry.cHeads);
1784	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1785	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cHeads = 0;
1786	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1787	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting PCHS geometry from extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1788	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1789	VMDK_DDB_GEO_PCHS_SECTORS,
1790	&pImage->PCHSGeometry.cSectors);
1791	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1792	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cSectors = 0;
1793	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1794	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting PCHS geometry from extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1795	if ( pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders == 0
1796	\|\| pImage->PCHSGeometry.cHeads == 0
1797	\|\| pImage->PCHSGeometry.cHeads > 16
1798	\|\| pImage->PCHSGeometry.cSectors == 0
1799	\|\| pImage->PCHSGeometry.cSectors > 63)
1800	{
1801	/* Mark PCHS geometry as not yet valid (can't do the calculation here
1802	* as the total image size isn't known yet). */
1803	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders = 0;
1804	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cHeads = 16;
1805	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cSectors = 63;
1806	}
1807
1808	/* Determine LCHS geometry (set to 0 if not specified). */
1809	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1810	VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_CYLINDERS,
1811	&pImage->LCHSGeometry.cCylinders);
1812	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1813	pImage->LCHSGeometry.cCylinders = 0;
1814	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1815	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting LCHS geometry from extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1816	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1817	VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_HEADS,
1818	&pImage->LCHSGeometry.cHeads);
1819	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1820	pImage->LCHSGeometry.cHeads = 0;
1821	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1822	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting LCHS geometry from extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1823	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetU32(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1824	VMDK_DDB_GEO_LCHS_SECTORS,
1825	&pImage->LCHSGeometry.cSectors);
1826	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1827	pImage->LCHSGeometry.cSectors = 0;
1828	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1829	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting LCHS geometry from extent description in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1830	if ( pImage->LCHSGeometry.cCylinders == 0
1831	\|\| pImage->LCHSGeometry.cHeads == 0
1832	\|\| pImage->LCHSGeometry.cSectors == 0)
1833	{
1834	pImage->LCHSGeometry.cCylinders = 0;
1835	pImage->LCHSGeometry.cHeads = 0;
1836	pImage->LCHSGeometry.cSectors = 0;
1837	}
1838
1839	/* Get image UUID. */
1840	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor, VMDK_DDB_IMAGE_UUID,
1841	&pImage->ImageUuid);
1842	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1843	{
1844	/* Image without UUID. Probably created by VMware and not yet used
1845	* by VirtualBox. Can only be added for images opened in read/write
1846	* mode, so don't bother producing a sensible UUID otherwise. */
1847	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
1848	RTUuidClear(&pImage->ImageUuid);
1849	else
1850	{
1851	rc = RTUuidCreate(&pImage->ImageUuid);
1852	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1853	return rc;
1854	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1855	VMDK_DDB_IMAGE_UUID, &pImage->ImageUuid);
1856	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1857	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing image UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1858	}
1859	}
1860	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1861	return rc;
1862
1863	/* Get image modification UUID. */
1864	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1865	VMDK_DDB_MODIFICATION_UUID,
1866	&pImage->ModificationUuid);
1867	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1868	{
1869	/* Image without UUID. Probably created by VMware and not yet used
1870	* by VirtualBox. Can only be added for images opened in read/write
1871	* mode, so don't bother producing a sensible UUID otherwise. */
1872	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
1873	RTUuidClear(&pImage->ModificationUuid);
1874	else
1875	{
1876	rc = RTUuidCreate(&pImage->ModificationUuid);
1877	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1878	return rc;
1879	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1880	VMDK_DDB_MODIFICATION_UUID,
1881	&pImage->ModificationUuid);
1882	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1883	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing image modification UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1884	}
1885	}
1886	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1887	return rc;
1888
1889	/* Get UUID of parent image. */
1890	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor, VMDK_DDB_PARENT_UUID,
1891	&pImage->ParentUuid);
1892	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1893	{
1894	/* Image without UUID. Probably created by VMware and not yet used
1895	* by VirtualBox. Can only be added for images opened in read/write
1896	* mode, so don't bother producing a sensible UUID otherwise. */
1897	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
1898	RTUuidClear(&pImage->ParentUuid);
1899	else
1900	{
1901	rc = RTUuidClear(&pImage->ParentUuid);
1902	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1903	return rc;
1904	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1905	VMDK_DDB_PARENT_UUID, &pImage->ParentUuid);
1906	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1907	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing parent UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1908	}
1909	}
1910	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1911	return rc;
1912
1913	/* Get parent image modification UUID. */
1914	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1915	VMDK_DDB_PARENT_MODIFICATION_UUID,
1916	&pImage->ParentModificationUuid);
1917	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
1918	{
1919	/* Image without UUID. Probably created by VMware and not yet used
1920	* by VirtualBox. Can only be added for images opened in read/write
1921	* mode, so don't bother producing a sensible UUID otherwise. */
1922	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
1923	RTUuidClear(&pImage->ParentModificationUuid);
1924	else
1925	{
1926	rc = RTUuidCreate(&pImage->ParentModificationUuid);
1927	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1928	return rc;
1929	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
1930	VMDK_DDB_PARENT_MODIFICATION_UUID,
1931	&pImage->ParentModificationUuid);
1932	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1933	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing parent modification UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1934	}
1935	}
1936	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1937	return rc;
1938
1939	return VINF_SUCCESS;
1940	}
1941
1942	/**
1943	* Internal: write/update the descriptor part of the image.
1944	*/
1945	static int vmdkWriteDescriptor(PVMDKIMAGE pImage)
1946	{
1947	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
1948	uint64_t cbLimit;
1949	uint64_t uOffset;
1950	PVMDKFILE pDescFile;
1951
1952	if (pImage->pDescData)
1953	{
1954	/* Separate descriptor file. */
1955	uOffset = 0;
1956	cbLimit = 0;
1957	pDescFile = pImage->pFile;
1958	}
1959	else
1960	{
1961	/* Embedded descriptor file. */
1962	uOffset = VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pImage->pExtents[0].uDescriptorSector);
1963	cbLimit = VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pImage->pExtents[0].cDescriptorSectors);
1964	cbLimit += uOffset;
1965	pDescFile = pImage->pExtents[0].pFile;
1966	}
1967	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->Descriptor.cLines; i++)
1968	{
1969	const char *psz = pImage->Descriptor.aLines[i];
1970	size_t cb = strlen(psz);
1971
1972	if (cbLimit && uOffset + cb + 1 > cbLimit)
1973	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: descriptor too long in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1974	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pDescFile, uOffset, psz, cb, NULL);
1975	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1976	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error writing descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1977	uOffset += cb;
1978	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pDescFile, uOffset, "\n", 1, NULL);
1979	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1980	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error writing descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1981	uOffset++;
1982	}
1983	if (cbLimit)
1984	{
1985	/* Inefficient, but simple. */
1986	while (uOffset < cbLimit)
1987	{
1988	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pDescFile, uOffset, "", 1, NULL);
1989	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1990	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error writing descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1991	uOffset++;
1992	}
1993	}
1994	else
1995	{
1996	rc = vmdkFileSetSize(pDescFile, uOffset);
1997	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
1998	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error truncating descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
1999	}
2000	pImage->Descriptor.fDirty = false;
2001	return rc;
2002	}
2003
2004	/**
2005	* Internal: read metadata belonging to a sparse extent.
2006	*/
2007	static int vmdkReadMetaSparseExtent(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKEXTENT pExtent)
2008	{
2009	SparseExtentHeader Header;
2010	uint64_t cbExtentSize, cSectorsPerGDE;
2011
2012	int rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile, 0, &Header, sizeof(Header), NULL);
2013	AssertRC(rc);
2014	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2015	{
2016	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error reading extent header in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2017	goto out;
2018	}
2019	if ( RT_LE2H_U32(Header.magicNumber) != VMDK_SPARSE_MAGICNUMBER
2020	\|\| RT_LE2H_U32(Header.version) != 1)
2021	{
2022	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: incorrect magic/version in extent header in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2023	goto out;
2024	}
2025	/* The image must be a multiple of a sector in size. If not, it means the
2026	* image is at least truncated, or even seriously garbled. */
2027	rc = vmdkFileGetSize(pExtent->pFile, &cbExtentSize);
2028	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2029	{
2030	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting size in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2031	goto out;
2032	}
2033	if ( (RT_LE2H_U32(Header.flags) & 1)
2034	&& ( Header.singleEndLineChar != '\n'
2035	\|\| Header.nonEndLineChar != ' '
2036	\|\| Header.doubleEndLineChar1 != '\r'
2037	\|\| Header.doubleEndLineChar2 != '\n') )
2038	{
2039	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: corrupted by CR/LF translation in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2040	goto out;
2041	}
2042	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE;
2043	pExtent->cSectors = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.capacity);
2044	pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.grainSize);
2045	/* The spec says that this must be a power of two and greater than 8,
2046	* but probably they meant not less than 8. */
2047	if ( (pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain & (pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain - 1))
2048	\|\| pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain < 8)
2049	{
2050	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: invalid extent grain size %u in '%s'"), pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain, pExtent->pszFullname);
2051	goto out;
2052	}
2053	pExtent->uDescriptorSector = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.descriptorOffset);
2054	pExtent->cDescriptorSectors = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.descriptorSize);
2055	if (pExtent->uDescriptorSector && !pExtent->cDescriptorSectors)
2056	{
2057	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: inconsistent embedded descriptor config in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2058	goto out;
2059	}
2060	pExtent->cGTEntries = RT_LE2H_U32(Header.numGTEsPerGT);
2061	/* This code requires that a grain table must hold a power of two multiple
2062	* of the number of entries per GT cache entry. */
2063	if ( (pExtent->cGTEntries & (pExtent->cGTEntries - 1))
2064	\|\| pExtent->cGTEntries < VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE)
2065	{
2066	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: grain table cache size problem in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2067	goto out;
2068	}
2069	if (RT_LE2H_U32(Header.flags) & 2)
2070	{
2071	pExtent->uSectorRGD = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.rgdOffset);
2072	pExtent->uSectorGD = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.gdOffset);
2073	}
2074	else
2075	{
2076	/** @todo this is just guesswork, the spec doesn't document this
2077	* properly and I don't have a vmdk without RGD. */
2078	pExtent->uSectorGD = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.rgdOffset);
2079	pExtent->uSectorRGD = 0;
2080	}
2081	pExtent->cOverheadSectors = RT_LE2H_U64(Header.overHead);
2082	pExtent->fUncleanShutdown = !!Header.uncleanShutdown;
2083	cSectorsPerGDE = pExtent->cGTEntries * pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain;
2084	if (!cSectorsPerGDE \|\| cSectorsPerGDE > UINT32_MAX)
2085	{
2086	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: incorrect grain directory size in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2087	goto out;
2088	}
2089	pExtent->cSectorsPerGDE = cSectorsPerGDE;
2090	pExtent->cGDEntries = (pExtent->cSectors + cSectorsPerGDE - 1) / cSectorsPerGDE;
2091
2092	rc = vmdkReadGrainDirectory(pExtent);
2093
2094	out:
2095	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2096	vmdkFreeExtentData(pImage, pExtent, false);
2097
2098	return rc;
2099	}
2100
2101	/**
2102	* Internal: write/update the metadata for a sparse extent.
2103	*/
2104	static int vmdkWriteMetaSparseExtent(PVMDKEXTENT pExtent)
2105	{
2106	SparseExtentHeader Header;
2107
2108	memset(&Header, '\0', sizeof(Header));
2109	Header.magicNumber = RT_H2LE_U32(VMDK_SPARSE_MAGICNUMBER);
2110	Header.version = RT_H2LE_U32(1);
2111	Header.flags = RT_H2LE_U32(1 \| ((pExtent->pRGD) ? 2 : 0));
2112	Header.capacity = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->cSectors);
2113	Header.grainSize = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain);
2114	Header.descriptorOffset = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->uDescriptorSector);
2115	Header.descriptorSize = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->cDescriptorSectors);
2116	Header.numGTEsPerGT = RT_H2LE_U32(pExtent->cGTEntries);
2117	if (pExtent->pRGD)
2118	{
2119	Assert(pExtent->uSectorRGD);
2120	Header.rgdOffset = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->uSectorRGD);
2121	Header.gdOffset = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->uSectorGD);
2122	}
2123	else
2124	{
2125	/** @todo this is just guesswork, the spec doesn't document this
2126	* properly and I don't have a vmdk without RGD. */
2127	Header.rgdOffset = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->uSectorGD);
2128	}
2129	Header.overHead = RT_H2LE_U64(pExtent->cOverheadSectors);
2130	Header.uncleanShutdown = pExtent->fUncleanShutdown;
2131	Header.singleEndLineChar = '\n';
2132	Header.nonEndLineChar = ' ';
2133	Header.doubleEndLineChar1 = '\r';
2134	Header.doubleEndLineChar2 = '\n';
2135
2136	int rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile, 0, &Header, sizeof(Header), NULL);
2137	AssertRC(rc);
2138	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2139	rc = vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error writing extent header in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2140	return rc;
2141	}
2142
2143	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
2144	/**
2145	* Internal: unused code to read the metadata of a sparse ESX extent.
2146	*
2147	* Such extents never leave ESX server, so this isn't ever used.
2148	*/
2149	static int vmdkReadMetaESXSparseExtent(PVMDKEXTENT pExtent)
2150	{
2151	COWDisk_Header Header;
2152	uint64_t cSectorsPerGDE;
2153
2154	int rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile, 0, &Header, sizeof(Header), NULL);
2155	AssertRC(rc);
2156	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2157	goto out;
2158	if ( RT_LE2H_U32(Header.magicNumber) != VMDK_ESX_SPARSE_MAGICNUMBER
2159	\|\| RT_LE2H_U32(Header.version) != 1
2160	\|\| RT_LE2H_U32(Header.flags) != 3)
2161	{
2162	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER;
2163	goto out;
2164	}
2165	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE;
2166	pExtent->cSectors = RT_LE2H_U32(Header.numSectors);
2167	pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain = RT_LE2H_U32(Header.grainSize);
2168	/* The spec says that this must be between 1 sector and 1MB. This code
2169	* assumes it's a power of two, so check that requirement, too. */
2170	if ( (pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain & (pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain - 1))
2171	\|\| pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain == 0
2172	\|\| pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain > 2048)
2173	{
2174	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER;
2175	goto out;
2176	}
2177	pExtent->uDescriptorSector = 0;
2178	pExtent->cDescriptorSectors = 0;
2179	pExtent->uSectorGD = RT_LE2H_U32(Header.gdOffset);
2180	pExtent->uSectorRGD = 0;
2181	pExtent->cOverheadSectors = 0;
2182	pExtent->cGTEntries = 4096;
2183	cSectorsPerGDE = pExtent->cGTEntries * pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain;
2184	if (!cSectorsPerGDE \|\| cSectorsPerGDE > UINT32_MAX)
2185	{
2186	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER;
2187	goto out;
2188	}
2189	pExtent->cSectorsPerGDE = cSectorsPerGDE;
2190	pExtent->cGDEntries = (pExtent->cSectors + cSectorsPerGDE - 1) / cSectorsPerGDE;
2191	if (pExtent->cGDEntries != RT_LE2H_U32(Header.numGDEntries))
2192	{
2193	/* Inconsistency detected. Computed number of GD entries doesn't match
2194	* stored value. Better be safe than sorry. */
2195	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER;
2196	goto out;
2197	}
2198	pExtent->uFreeSector = RT_LE2H_U32(Header.freeSector);
2199	pExtent->fUncleanShutdown = !!Header.uncleanShutdown;
2200
2201	rc = vmdkReadGrainDirectory(pExtent);
2202
2203	out:
2204	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2205	vmdkFreeExtentData(pImage, pExtent, false);
2206
2207	return rc;
2208	}
2209	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
2210
2211	/**
2212	* Internal: free the memory used by the extent data structure, optionally
2213	* deleting the referenced files.
2214	*/
2215	static void vmdkFreeExtentData(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, PVMDKEXTENT pExtent,
2216	bool fDelete)
2217	{
2218	vmdkFreeGrainDirectory(pExtent);
2219	if (pExtent->pDescData)
2220	{
2221	RTMemFree(pExtent->pDescData);
2222	pExtent->pDescData = NULL;
2223	}
2224	if (pExtent->pFile != NULL)
2225	{
2226	vmdkFileClose(pImage, &pExtent->pFile,
2227	fDelete
2228	&& pExtent->pszFullname
2229	&& strcmp(pExtent->pszFullname, pExtent->pszBasename));
2230	}
2231	if (pExtent->pszBasename)
2232	{
2233	RTMemTmpFree((void *)pExtent->pszBasename);
2234	pExtent->pszBasename = NULL;
2235	}
2236	if (pExtent->pszFullname)
2237	{
2238	RTStrFree((char )(void )pExtent->pszFullname);
2239	pExtent->pszFullname = NULL;
2240	}
2241	}
2242
2243	/**
2244	* Internal: allocate grain table cache if necessary for this image.
2245	*/
2246	static int vmdkAllocateGrainTableCache(PVMDKIMAGE pImage)
2247	{
2248	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
2249
2250	/* Allocate grain table cache if any sparse extent is present. */
2251	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
2252	{
2253	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
2254	if ( pExtent->enmType == VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE
2255	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
2256	\|\| pExtent->enmType == VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE
2257	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
2258	)
2259	{
2260	/* Allocate grain table cache. */
2261	pImage->pGTCache = (PVMDKGTCACHE)RTMemAllocZ(sizeof(VMDKGTCACHE));
2262	if (!pImage->pGTCache)
2263	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2264	for (unsigned i = 0; i < VMDK_GT_CACHE_SIZE; i++)
2265	{
2266	PVMDKGTCACHEENTRY pGCE = &pImage->pGTCache->aGTCache[i];
2267	pGCE->uExtent = UINT32_MAX;
2268	}
2269	pImage->pGTCache->cEntries = VMDK_GT_CACHE_SIZE;
2270	break;
2271	}
2272	}
2273
2274	return VINF_SUCCESS;
2275	}
2276
2277	/**
2278	* Internal: allocate the given number of extents.
2279	*/
2280	static int vmdkCreateExtents(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, unsigned cExtents)
2281	{
2282	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
2283	PVMDKEXTENT pExtents = (PVMDKEXTENT)RTMemAllocZ(cExtents * sizeof(VMDKEXTENT));
2284	if (pImage)
2285	{
2286	for (unsigned i = 0; i < cExtents; i++)
2287	{
2288	pExtents[i].pFile = NULL;
2289	pExtents[i].pszBasename = NULL;
2290	pExtents[i].pszFullname = NULL;
2291	pExtents[i].pGD = NULL;
2292	pExtents[i].pRGD = NULL;
2293	pExtents[i].pDescData = NULL;
2294	pExtents[i].uExtent = i;
2295	pExtents[i].pImage = pImage;
2296	}
2297	pImage->pExtents = pExtents;
2298	pImage->cExtents = cExtents;
2299	}
2300	else
2301	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2302
2303	return rc;
2304	}
2305
2306	/**
2307	* Internal: Open an image, constructing all necessary data structures.
2308	*/
2309	static int vmdkOpenImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, unsigned uOpenFlags)
2310	{
2311	int rc;
2312	uint32_t u32Magic;
2313	PVMDKFILE pFile;
2314	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
2315
2316	pImage->uOpenFlags = uOpenFlags;
2317
2318	/*
2319	* Open the image.
2320	* We don't have to check for asynchronous access because
2321	* we only support raw access and the opened file is a description
2322	* file were no data is stored.
2323	*/
2324	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pFile, pImage->pszFilename,
2325	uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY
2326	? RTFILE_O_READ \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_NONE
2327	: RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE, false);
2328	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2329	{
2330	/* Do NOT signal an appropriate error here, as the VD layer has the
2331	* choice of retrying the open if it failed. */
2332	goto out;
2333	}
2334	pImage->pFile = pFile;
2335
2336	/* Read magic (if present). */
2337	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pFile, 0, &u32Magic, sizeof(u32Magic), NULL);
2338	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2339	{
2340	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error reading the magic number in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2341	goto out;
2342	}
2343
2344	/* Handle the file according to its magic number. */
2345	if (RT_LE2H_U32(u32Magic) == VMDK_SPARSE_MAGICNUMBER)
2346	{
2347	/* It's a hosted sparse single-extent image. */
2348	rc = vmdkCreateExtents(pImage, 1);
2349	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2350	goto out;
2351	/* The opened file is passed to the extent. No separate descriptor
2352	* file, so no need to keep anything open for the image. */
2353	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[0];
2354	pExtent->pFile = pFile;
2355	pImage->pFile = NULL;
2356	pExtent->pszFullname = RTStrDup(pImage->pszFilename);
2357	if (!pExtent->pszFullname)
2358	{
2359	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2360	goto out;
2361	}
2362	rc = vmdkReadMetaSparseExtent(pImage, pExtent);
2363	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2364	goto out;
2365	/* As we're dealing with a monolithic sparse image here, there must
2366	* be a descriptor embedded in the image file. */
2367	if (!pExtent->uDescriptorSector \|\| !pExtent->cDescriptorSectors)
2368	{
2369	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: monolithic image without descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2370	goto out;
2371	}
2372	/* Read the descriptor from the extent. */
2373	pExtent->pDescData = (char *)RTMemAllocZ(VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cDescriptorSectors));
2374	if (!pExtent->pDescData)
2375	{
2376	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2377	goto out;
2378	}
2379	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile,
2380	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uDescriptorSector),
2381	pExtent->pDescData,
2382	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cDescriptorSectors), NULL);
2383	AssertRC(rc);
2384	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2385	{
2386	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: read error for descriptor in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2387	goto out;
2388	}
2389
2390	rc = vmdkParseDescriptor(pImage, pExtent->pDescData,
2391	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cDescriptorSectors));
2392	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2393	goto out;
2394
2395	/* Mark the extent as unclean if opened in read-write mode. */
2396	if (!(uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
2397	{
2398	pExtent->fUncleanShutdown = true;
2399	pExtent->fMetaDirty = true;
2400	}
2401	}
2402	else
2403	{
2404	pImage->cbDescAlloc = VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(20);
2405	pImage->pDescData = (char *)RTMemAllocZ(pImage->cbDescAlloc);
2406	if (!pImage->pDescData)
2407	{
2408	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2409	goto out;
2410	}
2411
2412	size_t cbRead;
2413	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pImage->pFile, 0, pImage->pDescData,
2414	pImage->cbDescAlloc, &cbRead);
2415	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2416	{
2417	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: read error for descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2418	goto out;
2419	}
2420	if (cbRead == pImage->cbDescAlloc)
2421	{
2422	/* Likely the read is truncated. Better fail a bit too early
2423	* (normally the descriptor is much smaller than our buffer). */
2424	rc = vmdkError(pImage, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot read descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2425	goto out;
2426	}
2427
2428	rc = vmdkParseDescriptor(pImage, pImage->pDescData,
2429	pImage->cbDescAlloc);
2430	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2431	goto out;
2432
2433	/*
2434	* We have to check for the asynchronous open flag. The
2435	* extents are parsed and the type of all are known now.
2436	* Check if every extent is either FLAT or ZERO.
2437	*/
2438	if (uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_ASYNC_IO)
2439	{
2440	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
2441	{
2442	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
2443
2444	if ( (pExtent->enmType != VMDKETYPE_FLAT)
2445	&& (pExtent->enmType != VMDKETYPE_ZERO))
2446	{
2447	/*
2448	* Opened image contains at least one none flat or zero extent.
2449	* Return error but don't set error message as the caller
2450	* has the chance to open in non async I/O mode.
2451	*/
2452	rc = VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
2453	goto out;
2454	}
2455	}
2456	}
2457
2458	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
2459	{
2460	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
2461
2462	if (pExtent->pszBasename)
2463	{
2464	/* Hack to figure out whether the specified name in the
2465	* extent descriptor is absolute. Doesn't always work, but
2466	* should be good enough for now. */
2467	char *pszFullname;
2468	/** @todo implement proper path absolute check. */
2469	if (pExtent->pszBasename[0] == RTPATH_SLASH)
2470	{
2471	pszFullname = RTStrDup(pExtent->pszBasename);
2472	if (!pszFullname)
2473	{
2474	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2475	goto out;
2476	}
2477	}
2478	else
2479	{
2480	size_t cbDirname;
2481	char *pszDirname = RTStrDup(pImage->pszFilename);
2482	if (!pszDirname)
2483	{
2484	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2485	goto out;
2486	}
2487	RTPathStripFilename(pszDirname);
2488	cbDirname = strlen(pszDirname);
2489	rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszFullname, "%s%c%s", pszDirname,
2490	RTPATH_SLASH, pExtent->pszBasename);
2491	RTStrFree(pszDirname);
2492	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2493	goto out;
2494	}
2495	pExtent->pszFullname = pszFullname;
2496	}
2497	else
2498	pExtent->pszFullname = NULL;
2499
2500	switch (pExtent->enmType)
2501	{
2502	case VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE:
2503	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pExtent->pFile, pExtent->pszFullname,
2504	uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY
2505	? RTFILE_O_READ \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_NONE
2506	: RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE, false);
2507	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2508	{
2509	/* Do NOT signal an appropriate error here, as the VD
2510	* layer has the choice of retrying the open if it
2511	* failed. */
2512	goto out;
2513	}
2514	rc = vmdkReadMetaSparseExtent(pImage, pExtent);
2515	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2516	goto out;
2517
2518	/* Mark extent as unclean if opened in read-write mode. */
2519	if (!(uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
2520	{
2521	pExtent->fUncleanShutdown = true;
2522	pExtent->fMetaDirty = true;
2523	}
2524	break;
2525	case VMDKETYPE_FLAT:
2526	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pExtent->pFile, pExtent->pszFullname,
2527	uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY
2528	? RTFILE_O_READ \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_NONE
2529	: RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE, true);
2530	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2531	{
2532	/* Do NOT signal an appropriate error here, as the VD
2533	* layer has the choice of retrying the open if it
2534	* failed. */
2535	goto out;
2536	}
2537	break;
2538	case VMDKETYPE_ZERO:
2539	/* Nothing to do. */
2540	break;
2541	default:
2542	AssertMsgFailed(("unknown vmdk extent type %d\n", pExtent->enmType));
2543	}
2544	}
2545	}
2546
2547	/* Make sure this is not reached accidentally with an error status. */
2548	AssertRC(rc);
2549
2550	/* Determine PCHS geometry if not set. */
2551	if (pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders == 0)
2552	{
2553	uint64_t cCylinders = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pImage->cbSize)
2554	/ pImage->PCHSGeometry.cHeads
2555	/ pImage->PCHSGeometry.cSectors;
2556	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders = (unsigned)RT_MIN(cCylinders, 16383);
2557	if (!(pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
2558	{
2559	rc = vmdkDescSetPCHSGeometry(pImage, &pImage->PCHSGeometry);
2560	AssertRC(rc);
2561	}
2562	}
2563
2564	/* Update the image metadata now in case has changed. */
2565	rc = vmdkFlushImage(pImage);
2566	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2567	goto out;
2568
2569	/* Figure out a few per-image constants from the extents. */
2570	pImage->cbSize = 0;
2571	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
2572	{
2573	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
2574	if ( pExtent->enmType == VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE
2575	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
2576	\|\| pExtent->enmType == VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE
2577	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
2578	)
2579	{
2580	/* Here used to be a check whether the nominal size of an extent
2581	* is a multiple of the grain size. The spec says that this is
2582	* always the case, but unfortunately some files out there in the
2583	* wild violate the spec (e.g. ReactOS 0.3.1). */
2584	}
2585	pImage->cbSize += VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cNominalSectors);
2586	}
2587
2588	pImage->enmImageType = VD_IMAGE_TYPE_NORMAL;
2589	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
2590	{
2591	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
2592	if ( pImage->pExtents[i].enmType == VMDKETYPE_FLAT
2593	\|\| pImage->pExtents[i].enmType == VMDKETYPE_ZERO)
2594	{
2595	pImage->enmImageType = VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED;
2596	break;
2597	}
2598	}
2599
2600	rc = vmdkAllocateGrainTableCache(pImage);
2601	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2602	goto out;
2603
2604	out:
2605	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2606	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, false);
2607	return rc;
2608	}
2609
2610	/**
2611	* Internal: create VMDK images for raw disk/partition access.
2612	*/
2613	static int vmdkCreateRawImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, const PVBOXHDDRAW pRaw,
2614	uint64_t cbSize)
2615	{
2616	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
2617	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
2618
2619	if (pRaw->fRawDisk)
2620	{
2621	/* Full raw disk access. This requires setting up a descriptor
2622	* file and open the (flat) raw disk. */
2623	rc = vmdkCreateExtents(pImage, 1);
2624	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2625	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new extent list in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2626	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[0];
2627	/* Create raw disk descriptor file. */
2628	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pImage->pFile, pImage->pszFilename,
2629	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_CREATE \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE \| RTFILE_O_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED,
2630	false);
2631	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2632	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new file '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2633
2634	/* Set up basename for extent description. Cannot use StrDup. */
2635	size_t cbBasename = strlen(pRaw->pszRawDisk) + 1;
2636	char pszBasename = (char )RTMemTmpAlloc(cbBasename);
2637	if (!pszBasename)
2638	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2639	memcpy(pszBasename, pRaw->pszRawDisk, cbBasename);
2640	pExtent->pszBasename = pszBasename;
2641	/* For raw disks the full name is identical to the base name. */
2642	pExtent->pszFullname = RTStrDup(pszBasename);
2643	if (!pExtent->pszFullname)
2644	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2645	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_FLAT;
2646	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbSize);
2647	pExtent->uSectorOffset = 0;
2648	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
2649	pExtent->fMetaDirty = false;
2650
2651	/* Open flat image, the raw disk. */
2652	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pExtent->pFile, pExtent->pszFullname,
2653	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE, false);
2654	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2655	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not open raw disk file '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2656	}
2657	else
2658	{
2659	/* Raw partition access. This requires setting up a descriptor
2660	* file, write the partition information to a flat extent and
2661	* open all the (flat) raw disk partitions. */
2662
2663	/* First pass over the partitions to determine how many
2664	* extents we need. One partition can require up to 4 extents.
2665	* One to skip over unpartitioned space, one for the
2666	* partitioning data, one to skip over unpartitioned space
2667	* and one for the partition data. */
2668	unsigned cExtents = 0;
2669	uint64_t uStart = 0;
2670	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pRaw->cPartitions; i++)
2671	{
2672	PVBOXHDDRAWPART pPart = &pRaw->pPartitions[i];
2673	if (pPart->cbPartitionData)
2674	{
2675	if (uStart > pPart->uPartitionDataStart)
2676	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot go backwards for partitioning information in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2677	else if (uStart != pPart->uPartitionDataStart)
2678	cExtents++;
2679	uStart = pPart->uPartitionDataStart + pPart->cbPartitionData;
2680	cExtents++;
2681	}
2682	if (pPart->cbPartition)
2683	{
2684	if (uStart > pPart->uPartitionStart)
2685	return vmdkError(pImage, VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot go backwards for partition data in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2686	else if (uStart != pPart->uPartitionStart)
2687	cExtents++;
2688	uStart = pPart->uPartitionStart + pPart->cbPartition;
2689	cExtents++;
2690	}
2691	}
2692	/* Another extent for filling up the rest of the image. */
2693	if (uStart != cbSize)
2694	cExtents++;
2695
2696	rc = vmdkCreateExtents(pImage, cExtents);
2697	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2698	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new extent list in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2699
2700	/* Create raw partition descriptor file. */
2701	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pImage->pFile, pImage->pszFilename,
2702	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_CREATE \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE \| RTFILE_O_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED,
2703	false);
2704	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2705	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new file '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2706
2707	/* Create base filename for the partition table extent. */
2708	/** @todo remove fixed buffer without creating memory leaks. */
2709	char pszPartition[1024];
2710	const char *pszBase = RTPathFilename(pImage->pszFilename);
2711	const char *pszExt = RTPathExt(pszBase);
2712	if (pszExt == NULL)
2713	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: invalid filename '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2714	char *pszBaseBase = RTStrDup(pszBase);
2715	if (!pszBaseBase)
2716	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2717	RTPathStripExt(pszBaseBase);
2718	RTStrPrintf(pszPartition, sizeof(pszPartition), "%s-pt%s",
2719	pszBaseBase, pszExt);
2720	RTStrFree(pszBaseBase);
2721
2722	/* Second pass over the partitions, now define all extents. */
2723	uint64_t uPartOffset = 0;
2724	cExtents = 0;
2725	uStart = 0;
2726	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pRaw->cPartitions; i++)
2727	{
2728	PVBOXHDDRAWPART pPart = &pRaw->pPartitions[i];
2729	if (pPart->cbPartitionData)
2730	{
2731	if (uStart != pPart->uPartitionDataStart)
2732	{
2733	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[cExtents++];
2734	pExtent->pszBasename = NULL;
2735	pExtent->pszFullname = NULL;
2736	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_ZERO;
2737	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pPart->uPartitionDataStart - uStart);
2738	pExtent->uSectorOffset = 0;
2739	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
2740	pExtent->fMetaDirty = false;
2741	}
2742	uStart = pPart->uPartitionDataStart + pPart->cbPartitionData;
2743	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[cExtents++];
2744	/* Set up basename for extent description. Can't use StrDup. */
2745	size_t cbBasename = strlen(pszPartition) + 1;
2746	char pszBasename = (char )RTMemTmpAlloc(cbBasename);
2747	if (!pszBasename)
2748	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2749	memcpy(pszBasename, pszPartition, cbBasename);
2750	pExtent->pszBasename = pszBasename;
2751
2752	/* Set up full name for partition extent. */
2753	size_t cbDirname;
2754	char *pszDirname = RTStrDup(pImage->pszFilename);
2755	if (!pszDirname)
2756	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2757	RTPathStripFilename(pszDirname);
2758	cbDirname = strlen(pszDirname);
2759	char *pszFullname;
2760	rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszFullname, "%s%c%s", pszDirname,
2761	RTPATH_SLASH, pExtent->pszBasename);
2762	RTStrFree(pszDirname);
2763	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2764	return rc;
2765	pExtent->pszFullname = pszFullname;
2766	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_FLAT;
2767	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pPart->cbPartitionData);
2768	pExtent->uSectorOffset = uPartOffset;
2769	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
2770	pExtent->fMetaDirty = false;
2771
2772	/* Create partition table flat image. */
2773	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pExtent->pFile, pExtent->pszFullname,
2774	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_CREATE \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE \| RTFILE_O_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED,
2775	false);
2776	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2777	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new partition data file '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2778	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
2779	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uPartOffset),
2780	pPart->pvPartitionData,
2781	pPart->cbPartitionData, NULL);
2782	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2783	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not write partition data to '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2784	uPartOffset += VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pPart->cbPartitionData);
2785	}
2786	if (pPart->cbPartition)
2787	{
2788	if (uStart != pPart->uPartitionStart)
2789	{
2790	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[cExtents++];
2791	pExtent->pszBasename = NULL;
2792	pExtent->pszFullname = NULL;
2793	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_ZERO;
2794	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pPart->uPartitionStart - uStart);
2795	pExtent->uSectorOffset = 0;
2796	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
2797	pExtent->fMetaDirty = false;
2798	}
2799	uStart = pPart->uPartitionStart + pPart->cbPartition;
2800	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[cExtents++];
2801	if (pPart->pszRawDevice)
2802	{
2803	/* Set up basename for extent descr. Can't use StrDup. */
2804	size_t cbBasename = strlen(pPart->pszRawDevice) + 1;
2805	char pszBasename = (char )RTMemTmpAlloc(cbBasename);
2806	if (!pszBasename)
2807	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2808	memcpy(pszBasename, pPart->pszRawDevice, cbBasename);
2809	pExtent->pszBasename = pszBasename;
2810	/* For raw disks full name is identical to base name. */
2811	pExtent->pszFullname = RTStrDup(pszBasename);
2812	if (!pExtent->pszFullname)
2813	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2814	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_FLAT;
2815	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pPart->cbPartition);
2816	pExtent->uSectorOffset = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pPart->uPartitionStartOffset);
2817	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
2818	pExtent->fMetaDirty = false;
2819
2820	/* Open flat image, the raw partition. */
2821	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pExtent->pFile, pExtent->pszFullname,
2822	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE,
2823	false);
2824	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2825	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not open raw partition file '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2826	}
2827	else
2828	{
2829	pExtent->pszBasename = NULL;
2830	pExtent->pszFullname = NULL;
2831	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_ZERO;
2832	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pPart->cbPartition);
2833	pExtent->uSectorOffset = 0;
2834	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
2835	pExtent->fMetaDirty = false;
2836	}
2837	}
2838	}
2839	/* Another extent for filling up the rest of the image. */
2840	if (uStart != cbSize)
2841	{
2842	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[cExtents++];
2843	pExtent->pszBasename = NULL;
2844	pExtent->pszFullname = NULL;
2845	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_ZERO;
2846	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbSize - uStart);
2847	pExtent->uSectorOffset = 0;
2848	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
2849	pExtent->fMetaDirty = false;
2850	}
2851	}
2852
2853	rc = vmdkDescBaseSetStr(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor, "createType",
2854	pRaw->fRawDisk ?
2855	"fullDevice" : "partitionedDevice");
2856	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2857	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not set the image type in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2858	return rc;
2859	}
2860
2861	/**
2862	* Internal: create a regular (i.e. file-backed) VMDK image.
2863	*/
2864	static int vmdkCreateRegularImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, VDIMAGETYPE enmType,
2865	uint64_t cbSize, unsigned uImageFlags,
2866	PFNVMPROGRESS pfnProgress, void *pvUser,
2867	unsigned uPercentStart, unsigned uPercentSpan)
2868	{
2869	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
2870	unsigned cExtents = 1;
2871	uint64_t cbOffset = 0;
2872	uint64_t cbRemaining = cbSize;
2873
2874	if (uImageFlags & VD_VMDK_IMAGE_FLAGS_SPLIT_2G)
2875	{
2876	cExtents = cbSize / VMDK_2G_SPLIT_SIZE;
2877	/* Do proper extent computation: need one smaller extent if the total
2878	* size isn't evenly divisible by the split size. */
2879	if (cbSize % VMDK_2G_SPLIT_SIZE)
2880	cExtents++;
2881	}
2882	rc = vmdkCreateExtents(pImage, cExtents);
2883	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2884	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new extent list in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2885
2886	/* Basename strings needed for constructing the extent names. */
2887	char *pszBasenameSubstr = RTPathFilename(pImage->pszFilename);
2888	Assert(pszBasenameSubstr);
2889	size_t cbBasenameSubstr = strlen(pszBasenameSubstr) + 1;
2890
2891	/* Create searate descriptor file if necessary. */
2892	if (cExtents != 1 \|\| enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED)
2893	{
2894	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pImage->pFile, pImage->pszFilename,
2895	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_CREATE \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE \| RTFILE_O_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED,
2896	false);
2897	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2898	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new sparse descriptor file '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
2899	pImage->pszFilename = RTStrDup(pImage->pszFilename);
2900	}
2901	else
2902	pImage->pFile = NULL;
2903
2904	/* Set up all extents. */
2905	for (unsigned i = 0; i < cExtents; i++)
2906	{
2907	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
2908	uint64_t cbExtent = cbRemaining;
2909
2910	/* Set up fullname/basename for extent description. Cannot use StrDup
2911	* for basename, as it is not guaranteed that the memory can be freed
2912	* with RTMemTmpFree, which must be used as in other code paths
2913	* StrDup is not usable. */
2914	if (cExtents == 1 && enmType != VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED)
2915	{
2916	char pszBasename = (char )RTMemTmpAlloc(cbBasenameSubstr);
2917	if (!pszBasename)
2918	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2919	memcpy(pszBasename, pszBasenameSubstr, cbBasenameSubstr);
2920	pExtent->pszBasename = pszBasename;
2921	}
2922	else
2923	{
2924	char *pszBasenameExt = RTPathExt(pszBasenameSubstr);
2925	char *pszBasenameBase = RTStrDup(pszBasenameSubstr);
2926	RTPathStripExt(pszBasenameBase);
2927	char *pszTmp;
2928	size_t cbTmp;
2929	if (enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED)
2930	{
2931	if (cExtents == 1)
2932	rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszTmp, "%s-flat%s", pszBasenameBase,
2933	pszBasenameExt);
2934	else
2935	rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszTmp, "%s-f%03d%s", pszBasenameBase,
2936	i+1, pszBasenameExt);
2937	}
2938	else
2939	rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszTmp, "%s-s%03d%s", pszBasenameBase, i+1,
2940	pszBasenameExt);
2941	RTStrFree(pszBasenameBase);
2942	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2943	return rc;
2944	cbTmp = strlen(pszTmp) + 1;
2945	char pszBasename = (char )RTMemTmpAlloc(cbTmp);
2946	if (!pszBasename)
2947	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2948	memcpy(pszBasename, pszTmp, cbTmp);
2949	RTStrFree(pszTmp);
2950	pExtent->pszBasename = pszBasename;
2951	if (uImageFlags & VD_VMDK_IMAGE_FLAGS_SPLIT_2G)
2952	cbExtent = RT_MIN(cbRemaining, VMDK_2G_SPLIT_SIZE);
2953	}
2954	char *pszBasedirectory = RTStrDup(pImage->pszFilename);
2955	RTPathStripFilename(pszBasedirectory);
2956	char *pszFullname;
2957	rc = RTStrAPrintf(&pszFullname, "%s%c%s", pszBasedirectory,
2958	RTPATH_SLASH, pExtent->pszBasename);
2959	RTStrFree(pszBasedirectory);
2960	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2961	return rc;
2962	pExtent->pszFullname = pszFullname;
2963
2964	/* Create file for extent. */
2965	rc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pExtent->pFile, pExtent->pszFullname,
2966	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_CREATE \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE \| RTFILE_O_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED,
2967	false);
2968	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2969	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new file '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2970	if (enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED)
2971	{
2972	rc = vmdkFileSetSize(pExtent->pFile, cbExtent);
2973	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2974	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not set size of new file '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
2975
2976	/* Fill image with zeroes. We do this for every fixed-size image since on some systems
2977	* (for example Windows Vista), it takes ages to write a block near the end of a sparse
2978	* file and the guest could complain about an ATA timeout. */
2979
2980	/** @todo Starting with Linux 2.6.23, there is an fallocate() system call.
2981	* Currently supported file systems are ext4 and ocfs2. */
2982
2983	/* Allocate a temporary zero-filled buffer. Use a bigger block size to optimize writing */
2984	const size_t cbBuf = 128 * _1K;
2985	void *pvBuf = RTMemTmpAllocZ(cbBuf);
2986	if (!pvBuf)
2987	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
2988
2989	uint64_t uOff = 0;
2990	/* Write data to all image blocks. */
2991	while (uOff < cbExtent)
2992	{
2993	unsigned cbChunk = (unsigned)RT_MIN(cbExtent, cbBuf);
2994
2995	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile, uOff, pvBuf, cbChunk, NULL);
2996	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
2997	{
2998	RTMemFree(pvBuf);
2999	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: writing block failed for '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3000	}
3001
3002	uOff += cbChunk;
3003
3004	if (pfnProgress)
3005	{
3006	rc = pfnProgress(NULL /* WARNING! pVM=NULL */,
3007	uPercentStart + uOff * uPercentSpan / cbExtent,
3008	pvUser);
3009	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3010	{
3011	RTMemFree(pvBuf);
3012	return rc;
3013	}
3014	}
3015	}
3016	RTMemTmpFree(pvBuf);
3017	}
3018
3019	/* Place descriptor file information (where integrated). */
3020	if (cExtents == 1 && enmType != VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED)
3021	{
3022	pExtent->uDescriptorSector = 1;
3023	pExtent->cDescriptorSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pImage->cbDescAlloc);
3024	/* The descriptor is part of the (only) extent. */
3025	pExtent->pDescData = pImage->pDescData;
3026	pImage->pDescData = NULL;
3027	}
3028
3029	if (enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_NORMAL)
3030	{
3031	uint64_t cSectorsPerGDE, cSectorsPerGD;
3032	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE;
3033	pExtent->cSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(RT_ALIGN_64(cbExtent, 65536));
3034	pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(65536);
3035	pExtent->cGTEntries = 512;
3036	cSectorsPerGDE = pExtent->cGTEntries * pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain;
3037	pExtent->cSectorsPerGDE = cSectorsPerGDE;
3038	pExtent->cGDEntries = (pExtent->cSectors + cSectorsPerGDE - 1) / cSectorsPerGDE;
3039	cSectorsPerGD = (pExtent->cGDEntries + (512 / sizeof(uint32_t) - 1)) / (512 / sizeof(uint32_t));
3040	}
3041	else
3042	pExtent->enmType = VMDKETYPE_FLAT;
3043
3044	pExtent->enmAccess = VMDKACCESS_READWRITE;
3045	pExtent->fUncleanShutdown = true;
3046	pExtent->cNominalSectors = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbExtent);
3047	pExtent->uSectorOffset = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbOffset);
3048	pExtent->fMetaDirty = true;
3049
3050	if (enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_NORMAL)
3051	{
3052	rc = vmdkCreateGrainDirectory(pExtent,
3053	RT_MAX( pExtent->uDescriptorSector
3054	+ pExtent->cDescriptorSectors,
3055	1),
3056	true);
3057	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3058	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new grain directory in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3059	}
3060
3061	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc) && pfnProgress)
3062	pfnProgress(NULL /* WARNING! pVM=NULL */,
3063	uPercentStart + i * uPercentSpan / cExtents,
3064	pvUser);
3065
3066	cbRemaining -= cbExtent;
3067	cbOffset += cbExtent;
3068	}
3069
3070	const char *pszDescType = NULL;
3071	if (enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED)
3072	{
3073	pszDescType = (cExtents == 1)
3074	? "monolithicFlat" : "twoGbMaxExtentFlat";
3075	}
3076	else if (enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_NORMAL)
3077	{
3078	pszDescType = (cExtents == 1)
3079	? "monolithicSparse" : "twoGbMaxExtentSparse";
3080	}
3081	else
3082	AssertMsgFailed(("invalid image type %d\n", enmType));
3083	rc = vmdkDescBaseSetStr(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor, "createType",
3084	pszDescType);
3085	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3086	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not set the image type in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3087	return rc;
3088	}
3089
3090	/**
3091	* Internal: The actual code for creating any VMDK variant currently in
3092	* existence on hosted environments.
3093	*/
3094	static int vmdkCreateImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, VDIMAGETYPE enmType,
3095	uint64_t cbSize, unsigned uImageFlags,
3096	const char *pszComment,
3097	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pPCHSGeometry,
3098	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pLCHSGeometry,
3099	PFNVMPROGRESS pfnProgress, void *pvUser,
3100	unsigned uPercentStart, unsigned uPercentSpan)
3101	{
3102	int rc;
3103
3104	pImage->uImageFlags = uImageFlags;
3105	rc = vmdkCreateDescriptor(pImage, pImage->pDescData, pImage->cbDescAlloc,
3106	&pImage->Descriptor);
3107	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3108	{
3109	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not create new descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3110	goto out;
3111	}
3112
3113	if ( enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED
3114	&& (uImageFlags & VD_VMDK_IMAGE_FLAGS_RAWDISK))
3115	{
3116	/* Raw disk image (includes raw partition). */
3117	const PVBOXHDDRAW pRaw = (const PVBOXHDDRAW)pszComment;
3118	/* As the comment is misused, zap it so that no garbage comment
3119	* is set below. */
3120	pszComment = NULL;
3121	rc = vmdkCreateRawImage(pImage, pRaw, cbSize);
3122	}
3123	else if ( enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED
3124	\|\| enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_NORMAL)
3125	{
3126	/* Regular fixed or sparse image (monolithic or split). */
3127	rc = vmdkCreateRegularImage(pImage, enmType, cbSize, uImageFlags,
3128	pfnProgress, pvUser, uPercentStart,
3129	uPercentSpan * 95 / 100);
3130	}
3131	else
3132	{
3133	/* Unknown/invalid image type. */
3134	rc = VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
3135	}
3136
3137	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3138	goto out;
3139
3140	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc) && pfnProgress)
3141	pfnProgress(NULL /* WARNING! pVM=NULL */,
3142	uPercentStart + uPercentSpan * 98 / 100, pvUser);
3143
3144	pImage->enmImageType = enmType;
3145	pImage->cbSize = cbSize;
3146
3147	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
3148	{
3149	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
3150
3151	rc = vmdkDescExtInsert(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor, pExtent->enmAccess,
3152	pExtent->cNominalSectors, pExtent->enmType,
3153	pExtent->pszBasename, pExtent->uSectorOffset);
3154	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3155	{
3156	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: could not insert the extent list into descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3157	goto out;
3158	}
3159	}
3160	vmdkDescExtRemoveDummy(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor);
3161
3162	if ( pPCHSGeometry->cCylinders != 0
3163	&& pPCHSGeometry->cHeads != 0
3164	&& pPCHSGeometry->cSectors != 0)
3165	{
3166	rc = vmdkDescSetPCHSGeometry(pImage, pPCHSGeometry);
3167	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3168	goto out;
3169	}
3170	if ( pLCHSGeometry->cCylinders != 0
3171	&& pLCHSGeometry->cHeads != 0
3172	&& pLCHSGeometry->cSectors != 0)
3173	{
3174	rc = vmdkDescSetLCHSGeometry(pImage, pLCHSGeometry);
3175	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3176	goto out;
3177	}
3178
3179	pImage->LCHSGeometry = *pLCHSGeometry;
3180	pImage->PCHSGeometry = *pPCHSGeometry;
3181
3182	rc = RTUuidCreate(&pImage->ImageUuid);
3183	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3184	goto out;
3185	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
3186	VMDK_DDB_IMAGE_UUID, &pImage->ImageUuid);
3187	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3188	{
3189	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing image UUID in new descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3190	goto out;
3191	}
3192	RTUuidClear(&pImage->ParentUuid);
3193	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
3194	VMDK_DDB_PARENT_UUID, &pImage->ParentUuid);
3195	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3196	{
3197	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing parent image UUID in new descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3198	goto out;
3199	}
3200	RTUuidClear(&pImage->ModificationUuid);
3201	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
3202	VMDK_DDB_MODIFICATION_UUID,
3203	&pImage->ModificationUuid);
3204	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3205	{
3206	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing modification UUID in new descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3207	goto out;
3208	}
3209	RTUuidClear(&pImage->ParentModificationUuid);
3210	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
3211	VMDK_DDB_PARENT_MODIFICATION_UUID,
3212	&pImage->ParentModificationUuid);
3213	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3214	{
3215	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing parent modification UUID in new descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3216	goto out;
3217	}
3218
3219	rc = vmdkAllocateGrainTableCache(pImage);
3220	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3221	goto out;
3222
3223	rc = vmdkSetImageComment(pImage, pszComment);
3224	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3225	{
3226	rc = vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot set image comment in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3227	goto out;
3228	}
3229
3230	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc) && pfnProgress)
3231	pfnProgress(NULL /* WARNING! pVM=NULL */,
3232	uPercentStart + uPercentSpan * 99 / 100, pvUser);
3233
3234	rc = vmdkFlushImage(pImage);
3235
3236	out:
3237	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc) && pfnProgress)
3238	pfnProgress(NULL /* WARNING! pVM=NULL */,
3239	uPercentStart + uPercentSpan, pvUser);
3240
3241	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3242	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, rc != VERR_ALREADY_EXISTS);
3243	return rc;
3244	}
3245
3246	/**
3247	* Internal: Update image comment.
3248	*/
3249	static int vmdkSetImageComment(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, const char *pszComment)
3250	{
3251	char *pszCommentEncoded;
3252	if (pszComment)
3253	{
3254	pszCommentEncoded = vmdkEncodeString(pszComment);
3255	if (!pszCommentEncoded)
3256	return VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3257	}
3258	else
3259	pszCommentEncoded = NULL;
3260	int rc = vmdkDescDDBSetStr(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
3261	"ddb.comment", pszCommentEncoded);
3262	if (pszComment)
3263	RTStrFree(pszCommentEncoded);
3264	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3265	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing image comment in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
3266	return VINF_SUCCESS;
3267	}
3268
3269	/**
3270	* Internal. Free all allocated space for representing an image, and optionally
3271	* delete the image from disk.
3272	*/
3273	static void vmdkFreeImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, bool fDelete)
3274	{
3275	Assert(pImage);
3276
3277	if (pImage->enmImageType)
3278	{
3279	if (!(pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
3280	{
3281	/* Mark all extents as clean. */
3282	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
3283	{
3284	if (( pImage->pExtents[i].enmType == VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE
3285	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
3286	\|\| pImage->pExtents[i].enmType == VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE
3287	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
3288	)
3289	&& pImage->pExtents[i].fUncleanShutdown)
3290	{
3291	pImage->pExtents[i].fUncleanShutdown = false;
3292	pImage->pExtents[i].fMetaDirty = true;
3293	}
3294	}
3295	}
3296	(void)vmdkFlushImage(pImage);
3297	}
3298	if (pImage->pExtents != NULL)
3299	{
3300	for (unsigned i = 0 ; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
3301	vmdkFreeExtentData(pImage, &pImage->pExtents[i], fDelete);
3302	RTMemFree(pImage->pExtents);
3303	pImage->pExtents = NULL;
3304	}
3305	if (pImage->pFile != NULL)
3306	vmdkFileClose(pImage, &pImage->pFile, fDelete);
3307	vmdkFileCheckAllClose(pImage);
3308	}
3309
3310	/**
3311	* Internal. Flush image data (and metadata) to disk.
3312	*/
3313	static int vmdkFlushImage(PVMDKIMAGE pImage)
3314	{
3315	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
3316	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
3317
3318	/* Update descriptor if changed. */
3319	if (pImage->Descriptor.fDirty)
3320	{
3321	rc = vmdkWriteDescriptor(pImage);
3322	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3323	goto out;
3324	}
3325
3326	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
3327	{
3328	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
3329	if (pExtent->pFile != NULL && pExtent->fMetaDirty)
3330	{
3331	switch (pExtent->enmType)
3332	{
3333	case VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE:
3334	rc = vmdkWriteMetaSparseExtent(pExtent);
3335	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3336	goto out;
3337	break;
3338	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
3339	case VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE:
3340	/** @todo update the header. */
3341	break;
3342	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
3343	case VMDKETYPE_FLAT:
3344	/* Nothing to do. */
3345	break;
3346	case VMDKETYPE_ZERO:
3347	default:
3348	AssertMsgFailed(("extent with type %d marked as dirty\n",
3349	pExtent->enmType));
3350	break;
3351	}
3352	}
3353	switch (pExtent->enmType)
3354	{
3355	case VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE:
3356	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
3357	case VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE:
3358	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
3359	case VMDKETYPE_FLAT:
3360	/** @todo implement proper path absolute check. */
3361	if ( pExtent->pFile != NULL
3362	&& !(pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
3363	&& !(pExtent->pszBasename[0] == RTPATH_SLASH))
3364	rc = vmdkFileFlush(pExtent->pFile);
3365	break;
3366	case VMDKETYPE_ZERO:
3367	/* No need to do anything for this extent. */
3368	break;
3369	default:
3370	AssertMsgFailed(("unknown extent type %d\n", pExtent->enmType));
3371	break;
3372	}
3373	}
3374
3375	out:
3376	return rc;
3377	}
3378
3379	/**
3380	* Internal. Find extent corresponding to the sector number in the disk.
3381	*/
3382	static int vmdkFindExtent(PVMDKIMAGE pImage, uint64_t offSector,
3383	PVMDKEXTENT ppExtent, uint64_t puSectorInExtent)
3384	{
3385	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent = NULL;
3386	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
3387
3388	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
3389	{
3390	if (offSector < pImage->pExtents[i].cNominalSectors)
3391	{
3392	pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
3393	*puSectorInExtent = offSector + pImage->pExtents[i].uSectorOffset;
3394	break;
3395	}
3396	offSector -= pImage->pExtents[i].cNominalSectors;
3397	}
3398
3399	if (pExtent)
3400	*ppExtent = pExtent;
3401	else
3402	rc = VERR_IO_SECTOR_NOT_FOUND;
3403
3404	return rc;
3405	}
3406
3407	/**
3408	* Internal. Hash function for placing the grain table hash entries.
3409	*/
3410	static uint32_t vmdkGTCacheHash(PVMDKGTCACHE pCache, uint64_t uSector,
3411	unsigned uExtent)
3412	{
3413	/** @todo this hash function is quite simple, maybe use a better one which
3414	* scrambles the bits better. */
3415	return (uSector + uExtent) % pCache->cEntries;
3416	}
3417
3418	/**
3419	* Internal. Get sector number in the extent file from the relative sector
3420	* number in the extent.
3421	*/
3422	static int vmdkGetSector(PVMDKGTCACHE pCache, PVMDKEXTENT pExtent,
3423	uint64_t uSector, uint64_t *puExtentSector)
3424	{
3425	uint64_t uGDIndex, uGTSector, uGTBlock;
3426	uint32_t uGTHash, uGTBlockIndex;
3427	PVMDKGTCACHEENTRY pGTCacheEntry;
3428	uint32_t aGTDataTmp[VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE];
3429	int rc;
3430
3431	uGDIndex = uSector / pExtent->cSectorsPerGDE;
3432	if (uGDIndex >= pExtent->cGDEntries)
3433	return VERR_OUT_OF_RANGE;
3434	uGTSector = pExtent->pGD[uGDIndex];
3435	if (!uGTSector)
3436	{
3437	/* There is no grain table referenced by this grain directory
3438	* entry. So there is absolutely no data in this area. */
3439	*puExtentSector = 0;
3440	return VINF_SUCCESS;
3441	}
3442
3443	uGTBlock = uSector / (pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain * VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE);
3444	uGTHash = vmdkGTCacheHash(pCache, uGTBlock, pExtent->uExtent);
3445	pGTCacheEntry = &pCache->aGTCache[uGTHash];
3446	if ( pGTCacheEntry->uExtent != pExtent->uExtent
3447	\|\| pGTCacheEntry->uGTBlock != uGTBlock)
3448	{
3449	/* Cache miss, fetch data from disk. */
3450	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile,
3451	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uGTSector) + (uGTBlock % (pExtent->cGTEntries / VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE)) * sizeof(aGTDataTmp),
3452	aGTDataTmp, sizeof(aGTDataTmp), NULL);
3453	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3454	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot read grain table entry in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3455	pGTCacheEntry->uExtent = pExtent->uExtent;
3456	pGTCacheEntry->uGTBlock = uGTBlock;
3457	for (unsigned i = 0; i < VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE; i++)
3458	pGTCacheEntry->aGTData[i] = RT_LE2H_U32(aGTDataTmp[i]);
3459	}
3460	uGTBlockIndex = (uSector / pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain) % VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE;
3461	uint64_t uGrainSector = pGTCacheEntry->aGTData[uGTBlockIndex];
3462	if (uGrainSector)
3463	*puExtentSector = uGrainSector + uSector % pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain;
3464	else
3465	*puExtentSector = 0;
3466	return VINF_SUCCESS;
3467	}
3468
3469	/**
3470	* Internal. Allocates a new grain table (if necessary), writes the grain
3471	* and updates the grain table. The cache is also updated by this operation.
3472	* This is separate from vmdkGetSector, because that should be as fast as
3473	* possible. Most code from vmdkGetSector also appears here.
3474	*/
3475	static int vmdkAllocGrain(PVMDKGTCACHE pCache, PVMDKEXTENT pExtent,
3476	uint64_t uSector, const void *pvBuf,
3477	uint64_t cbWrite)
3478	{
3479	uint64_t uGDIndex, uGTSector, uRGTSector, uGTBlock;
3480	uint64_t cbExtentSize;
3481	uint32_t uGTHash, uGTBlockIndex;
3482	PVMDKGTCACHEENTRY pGTCacheEntry;
3483	uint32_t aGTDataTmp[VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE];
3484	int rc;
3485
3486	uGDIndex = uSector / pExtent->cSectorsPerGDE;
3487	if (uGDIndex >= pExtent->cGDEntries)
3488	return VERR_OUT_OF_RANGE;
3489	uGTSector = pExtent->pGD[uGDIndex];
3490	if (pExtent->pRGD)
3491	uRGTSector = pExtent->pRGD[uGDIndex];
3492	else
3493	uRGTSector = 0; /*< avoid compiler warning /
3494	if (!uGTSector)
3495	{
3496	/* There is no grain table referenced by this grain directory
3497	* entry. So there is absolutely no data in this area. Allocate
3498	* a new grain table and put the reference to it in the GDs. */
3499	rc = vmdkFileGetSize(pExtent->pFile, &cbExtentSize);
3500	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3501	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting size in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3502	Assert(!(cbExtentSize % 512));
3503	uGTSector = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbExtentSize);
3504	/* Normally the grain table is preallocated for hosted sparse extents
3505	* that support more than 32 bit sector numbers. So this shouldn't
3506	* ever happen on a valid extent. */
3507	if (uGTSector > UINT32_MAX)
3508	return VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER;
3509	/* Write grain table by writing the required number of grain table
3510	* cache chunks. Avoids dynamic memory allocation, but is a bit
3511	* slower. But as this is a pretty infrequently occurring case it
3512	* should be acceptable. */
3513	memset(aGTDataTmp, '\0', sizeof(aGTDataTmp));
3514	for (unsigned i = 0;
3515	i < pExtent->cGTEntries / VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE;
3516	i++)
3517	{
3518	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
3519	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uGTSector) + i * sizeof(aGTDataTmp),
3520	aGTDataTmp, sizeof(aGTDataTmp), NULL);
3521	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3522	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write grain table allocation in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3523	}
3524	if (pExtent->pRGD)
3525	{
3526	AssertReturn(!uRGTSector, VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER);
3527	rc = vmdkFileGetSize(pExtent->pFile, &cbExtentSize);
3528	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3529	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting size in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3530	Assert(!(cbExtentSize % 512));
3531	uRGTSector = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbExtentSize);
3532	/* Normally the redundant grain table is preallocated for hosted
3533	* sparse extents that support more than 32 bit sector numbers. So
3534	* this shouldn't ever happen on a valid extent. */
3535	if (uRGTSector > UINT32_MAX)
3536	return VERR_VDI_INVALID_HEADER;
3537	/* Write backup grain table by writing the required number of grain
3538	* table cache chunks. Avoids dynamic memory allocation, but is a
3539	* bit slower. But as this is a pretty infrequently occurring case
3540	* it should be acceptable. */
3541	for (unsigned i = 0;
3542	i < pExtent->cGTEntries / VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE;
3543	i++)
3544	{
3545	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
3546	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uRGTSector) + i * sizeof(aGTDataTmp),
3547	aGTDataTmp, sizeof(aGTDataTmp), NULL);
3548	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3549	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write backup grain table allocation in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3550	}
3551	}
3552
3553	/* Update the grain directory on disk (doing it before writing the
3554	* grain table will result in a garbled extent if the operation is
3555	* aborted for some reason. Otherwise the worst that can happen is
3556	* some unused sectors in the extent. */
3557	uint32_t uGTSectorLE = RT_H2LE_U64(uGTSector);
3558	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
3559	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorGD) + uGDIndex * sizeof(uGTSectorLE),
3560	&uGTSectorLE, sizeof(uGTSectorLE), NULL);
3561	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3562	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write grain directory entry in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3563	if (pExtent->pRGD)
3564	{
3565	uint32_t uRGTSectorLE = RT_H2LE_U64(uRGTSector);
3566	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
3567	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorRGD) + uGDIndex * sizeof(uRGTSectorLE),
3568	&uRGTSectorLE, sizeof(uRGTSectorLE), NULL);
3569	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3570	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write backup grain directory entry in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3571	}
3572
3573	/* As the final step update the in-memory copy of the GDs. */
3574	pExtent->pGD[uGDIndex] = uGTSector;
3575	if (pExtent->pRGD)
3576	pExtent->pRGD[uGDIndex] = uRGTSector;
3577	}
3578
3579	rc = vmdkFileGetSize(pExtent->pFile, &cbExtentSize);
3580	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3581	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error getting size in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3582	Assert(!(cbExtentSize % 512));
3583
3584	/* Write the data. */
3585	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile, cbExtentSize, pvBuf, cbWrite, NULL);
3586	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3587	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write allocated data block in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3588
3589	/* Update the grain table (and the cache). */
3590	uGTBlock = uSector / (pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain * VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE);
3591	uGTHash = vmdkGTCacheHash(pCache, uGTBlock, pExtent->uExtent);
3592	pGTCacheEntry = &pCache->aGTCache[uGTHash];
3593	if ( pGTCacheEntry->uExtent != pExtent->uExtent
3594	\|\| pGTCacheEntry->uGTBlock != uGTBlock)
3595	{
3596	/* Cache miss, fetch data from disk. */
3597	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile,
3598	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uGTSector) + (uGTBlock % (pExtent->cGTEntries / VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE)) * sizeof(aGTDataTmp),
3599	aGTDataTmp, sizeof(aGTDataTmp), NULL);
3600	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3601	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot read allocated grain table entry in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3602	pGTCacheEntry->uExtent = pExtent->uExtent;
3603	pGTCacheEntry->uGTBlock = uGTBlock;
3604	for (unsigned i = 0; i < VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE; i++)
3605	pGTCacheEntry->aGTData[i] = RT_LE2H_U32(aGTDataTmp[i]);
3606	}
3607	else
3608	{
3609	/* Cache hit. Convert grain table block back to disk format, otherwise
3610	* the code below will write garbage for all but the updated entry. */
3611	for (unsigned i = 0; i < VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE; i++)
3612	aGTDataTmp[i] = RT_H2LE_U32(pGTCacheEntry->aGTData[i]);
3613	}
3614	uGTBlockIndex = (uSector / pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain) % VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE;
3615	aGTDataTmp[uGTBlockIndex] = RT_H2LE_U32(VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbExtentSize));
3616	pGTCacheEntry->aGTData[uGTBlockIndex] = VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbExtentSize);
3617	/* Update grain table on disk. */
3618	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
3619	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uGTSector) + (uGTBlock % (pExtent->cGTEntries / VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE)) * sizeof(aGTDataTmp),
3620	aGTDataTmp, sizeof(aGTDataTmp), NULL);
3621	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3622	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write updated grain table in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3623	if (pExtent->pRGD)
3624	{
3625	/* Update backup grain table on disk. */
3626	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
3627	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uRGTSector) + (uGTBlock % (pExtent->cGTEntries / VMDK_GT_CACHELINE_SIZE)) * sizeof(aGTDataTmp),
3628	aGTDataTmp, sizeof(aGTDataTmp), NULL);
3629	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3630	return vmdkError(pExtent->pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: cannot write updated backup grain table in '%s'"), pExtent->pszFullname);
3631	}
3632	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
3633	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc) && pExtent->enmType == VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE)
3634	{
3635	pExtent->uFreeSector = uGTSector + VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(cbWrite);
3636	pExtent->fMetaDirty = true;
3637	}
3638	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
3639	return rc;
3640	}
3641
3642
3643	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnCheckIfValid */
3644	static int vmdkCheckIfValid(const char *pszFilename)
3645	{
3646	LogFlowFunc(("pszFilename=\"%s\"\n", pszFilename));
3647	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
3648	PVMDKIMAGE pImage;
3649
3650	if ( !pszFilename
3651	\|\| !*pszFilename
3652	\|\| strchr(pszFilename, '"'))
3653	{
3654	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
3655	goto out;
3656	}
3657
3658	pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)RTMemAllocZ(sizeof(VMDKIMAGE));
3659	if (!pImage)
3660	{
3661	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3662	goto out;
3663	}
3664	pImage->pszFilename = pszFilename;
3665	pImage->pFile = NULL;
3666	pImage->pExtents = NULL;
3667	pImage->pFiles = NULL;
3668	pImage->pGTCache = NULL;
3669	pImage->pDescData = NULL;
3670	pImage->pInterfaceError = NULL;
3671	pImage->pInterfaceErrorCallbacks = NULL;
3672	/** @todo speed up this test open (VD_OPEN_FLAGS_INFO) by skipping as
3673	* much as possible in vmdkOpenImage. */
3674	rc = vmdkOpenImage(pImage, VD_OPEN_FLAGS_INFO \| VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY);
3675	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, false);
3676
3677	out:
3678	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
3679	return rc;
3680	}
3681
3682	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnOpen */
3683	static int vmdkOpen(const char *pszFilename, unsigned uOpenFlags,
3684	PVDINTERFACE pInterfaces,
3685	void **ppBackendData)
3686	{
3687	LogFlowFunc(("pszFilename=\"%s\" uOpenFlags=%#x ppBackendData=%#p\n", pszFilename, uOpenFlags, ppBackendData));
3688	int rc;
3689	PVMDKIMAGE pImage;
3690
3691	/* Check open flags. All valid flags are supported. */
3692	if (uOpenFlags & ~VD_OPEN_FLAGS_MASK)
3693	{
3694	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
3695	goto out;
3696	}
3697
3698	/* Check remaining arguments. */
3699	if ( !VALID_PTR(pszFilename)
3700	\|\| !*pszFilename
3701	\|\| strchr(pszFilename, '"'))
3702	{
3703	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
3704	goto out;
3705	}
3706
3707
3708	pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)RTMemAllocZ(sizeof(VMDKIMAGE));
3709	if (!pImage)
3710	{
3711	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3712	goto out;
3713	}
3714	pImage->pszFilename = pszFilename;
3715	pImage->pFile = NULL;
3716	pImage->pExtents = NULL;
3717	pImage->pFiles = NULL;
3718	pImage->pGTCache = NULL;
3719	pImage->pDescData = NULL;
3720	pImage->pInterfaceError = NULL;
3721	pImage->pInterfaceErrorCallbacks = NULL;
3722
3723	/* Try to get error interface. */
3724	pImage->pInterfaceError = VDGetInterfaceFromList(pInterfaces, VDINTERFACETYPE_ERROR);
3725	if (pImage->pInterfaceError)
3726	pImage->pInterfaceErrorCallbacks = VDGetInterfaceError(pImage->pInterfaceError->pCallbacks);
3727
3728	/* Try to get async I/O interfaec. */
3729	pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO = VDGetInterfaceFromList(pInterfaces, VDINTERFACETYPE_ASYNCIO);
3730	if (pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO)
3731	pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks = VDGetInterfaceAsyncIO(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pCallbacks);
3732
3733
3734	rc = vmdkOpenImage(pImage, uOpenFlags);
3735	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc))
3736	*ppBackendData = pImage;
3737
3738	out:
3739	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (pBackendData=%#p)\n", rc, *ppBackendData));
3740	return rc;
3741	}
3742
3743	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnCreate */
3744	static int vmdkCreate(const char *pszFilename, VDIMAGETYPE enmType,
3745	uint64_t cbSize, unsigned uImageFlags,
3746	const char *pszComment,
3747	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pPCHSGeometry,
3748	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pLCHSGeometry,
3749	unsigned uOpenFlags, PFNVMPROGRESS pfnProgress,
3750	void *pvUser, unsigned uPercentStart,
3751	unsigned uPercentSpan, PVDINTERFACE pInterfaces,
3752	void **ppBackendData)
3753	{
3754	LogFlowFunc(("pszFilename=\"%s\" enmType=%d cbSize=%llu uImageFlags=%#x pszComment=\"%s\" pPCHSGeometry=%#p pLCHSGeometry=%#p uOpenFlags=%#x pfnProgress=%#p pvUser=%#p uPercentStart=%u uPercentSpan=%u pInterfaces=%#p ppBackendData=%#p", pszFilename, enmType, cbSize, uImageFlags, pszComment, pPCHSGeometry, pLCHSGeometry, uOpenFlags, pfnProgress, pvUser, uPercentStart, uPercentSpan, pInterfaces, ppBackendData));
3755	int rc;
3756	PVMDKIMAGE pImage;
3757
3758	/* Check open flags. All valid flags are supported. */
3759	if (uOpenFlags & ~VD_OPEN_FLAGS_MASK)
3760	{
3761	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
3762	goto out;
3763	}
3764
3765	/* @todo A quick hack to support differencing images in VMDK. */
3766	if (enmType == VD_IMAGE_TYPE_DIFF)
3767	enmType = VD_IMAGE_TYPE_NORMAL;
3768
3769	/* Check remaining arguments. */
3770	if ( !VALID_PTR(pszFilename)
3771	\|\| !*pszFilename
3772	\|\| strchr(pszFilename, '"')
3773	\|\| (enmType != VD_IMAGE_TYPE_NORMAL && enmType != VD_IMAGE_TYPE_FIXED)
3774	\|\| !VALID_PTR(pPCHSGeometry)
3775	\|\| !VALID_PTR(pLCHSGeometry))
3776	{
3777	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
3778	goto out;
3779	}
3780
3781	pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)RTMemAllocZ(sizeof(VMDKIMAGE));
3782	if (!pImage)
3783	{
3784	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3785	goto out;
3786	}
3787	pImage->pszFilename = pszFilename;
3788	pImage->pFile = NULL;
3789	pImage->pExtents = NULL;
3790	pImage->pFiles = NULL;
3791	pImage->pGTCache = NULL;
3792	pImage->pDescData = NULL;
3793	pImage->pInterfaceError = NULL;
3794	pImage->pInterfaceErrorCallbacks = NULL;
3795	pImage->cbDescAlloc = VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(20);
3796	pImage->pDescData = (char *)RTMemAllocZ(pImage->cbDescAlloc);
3797	if (!pImage->pDescData)
3798	{
3799	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3800	goto out;
3801	}
3802
3803	/* Get error interface. */
3804	pImage->pInterfaceError = VDGetInterfaceFromList(pInterfaces, VDINTERFACETYPE_ERROR);
3805	if (pImage->pInterfaceError)
3806	pImage->pInterfaceErrorCallbacks = VDGetInterfaceError(pImage->pInterfaceError);
3807
3808	rc = vmdkCreateImage(pImage, enmType, cbSize, uImageFlags, pszComment,
3809	pPCHSGeometry, pLCHSGeometry,
3810	pfnProgress, pvUser, uPercentStart, uPercentSpan);
3811	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc))
3812	{
3813	/* So far the image is opened in read/write mode. Make sure the
3814	* image is opened in read-only mode if the caller requested that. */
3815	if (uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
3816	{
3817	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, false);
3818	rc = vmdkOpenImage(pImage, uOpenFlags);
3819	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3820	goto out;
3821	}
3822	*ppBackendData = pImage;
3823	}
3824
3825	out:
3826	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (pBackendData=%#p)\n", rc, *ppBackendData));
3827	return rc;
3828	}
3829
3830	/**
3831	* Replaces a fragment of a string with the specified string.
3832	*
3833	* @returns Pointer to the allocated UTF-8 string.
3834	* @param pszWhere UTF-8 string to search in.
3835	* @param pszWhat UTF-8 string to search for.
3836	* @param pszByWhat UTF-8 string to replace the found string with.
3837	*/
3838	static char * vmdkStrReplace(const char pszWhere, const char pszWhat, const char *pszByWhat)
3839	{
3840	Assert(VALID_PTR(pszWhere));
3841	Assert(VALID_PTR(pszWhat));
3842	Assert(VALID_PTR(pszByWhat));
3843	const char *pszFoundStr = strstr(pszWhere, pszWhat);
3844	if (!pszFoundStr)
3845	return NULL;
3846	size_t cFinal = strlen(pszWhere) + 1 + strlen(pszByWhat) - strlen(pszWhat);
3847	char pszNewStr = (char )RTMemAlloc(cFinal);
3848	if (pszNewStr)
3849	{
3850	char *pszTmp = pszNewStr;
3851	memcpy(pszTmp, pszWhere, pszFoundStr - pszWhere);
3852	pszTmp += pszFoundStr - pszWhere;
3853	memcpy(pszTmp, pszByWhat, strlen(pszByWhat));
3854	pszTmp += strlen(pszByWhat);
3855	strcpy(pszTmp, pszFoundStr + strlen(pszWhat));
3856	}
3857	return pszNewStr;
3858	}
3859
3860	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnRename */
3861	static int vmdkRename(void pBackendData, const char pszFilename)
3862	{
3863	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pszFilename=%#p\n", pBackendData, pszFilename));
3864
3865	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
3866	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
3867	char **apszOldName = NULL;
3868	char **apszNewName = NULL;
3869	char **apszNewLines = NULL;
3870	char *pszOldDescName = NULL;
3871	bool fImageFreed = false;
3872	bool fEmbeddedDesc = false;
3873	unsigned cExtents = pImage->cExtents;
3874	char *pszNewBasename;
3875	char *pszOldBasename;
3876	unsigned i, line;
3877	VMDKDESCRIPTOR DescriptorCopy;
3878	VMDKEXTENT ExtentCopy;
3879
3880	memset(&DescriptorCopy, 0, sizeof(DescriptorCopy));
3881
3882	/* Check arguments. */
3883	if ( !pImage
3884	\|\| (pImage->uImageFlags & VD_VMDK_IMAGE_FLAGS_RAWDISK)
3885	\|\| !VALID_PTR(pszFilename)
3886	\|\| !*pszFilename)
3887	{
3888	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
3889	goto out;
3890	}
3891
3892	/*
3893	* Allocate an array to store both old and new names of renamed files
3894	* in case we have to roll back the changes. Arrays are initialized
3895	* with zeros. We actually save stuff when and if we change it.
3896	*/
3897	apszOldName = (char *)RTMemTmpAllocZ((cExtents + 1) sizeof(char*));
3898	apszNewName = (char *)RTMemTmpAllocZ((cExtents + 1) sizeof(char*));
3899	apszNewLines = (char *)RTMemTmpAllocZ((cExtents) sizeof(char*));
3900	if (!apszOldName \|\| !apszNewName \|\| !apszNewLines)
3901	{
3902	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3903	goto out;
3904	}
3905
3906	/* Save the descriptor size and position. */
3907	if (pImage->pDescData)
3908	{
3909	/* Separate descriptor file. */
3910	fEmbeddedDesc = false;
3911	}
3912	else
3913	{
3914	/* Embedded descriptor file. */
3915	ExtentCopy = pImage->pExtents[0];
3916	fEmbeddedDesc = true;
3917	}
3918	/* Save the descriptor content. */
3919	DescriptorCopy.cLines = pImage->Descriptor.cLines;
3920	for (i = 0; i < DescriptorCopy.cLines; i++)
3921	{
3922	DescriptorCopy.aLines[i] = RTStrDup(pImage->Descriptor.aLines[i]);
3923	if (!DescriptorCopy.aLines[i])
3924	{
3925	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3926	goto out;
3927	}
3928	}
3929
3930	/* Prepare both old and new base names used for string replacement. */
3931	pszNewBasename = RTStrDup(RTPathFilename(pszFilename));
3932	RTPathStripExt(pszNewBasename);
3933	pszOldBasename = RTStrDup(RTPathFilename(pImage->pszFilename));
3934	RTPathStripExt(pszOldBasename);
3935
3936	/* --- Up to this point we have not done any damage yet. --- */
3937
3938	/* Save the old name for easy access to the old descriptor file. */
3939	pszOldDescName = RTStrDup(pImage->pszFilename);
3940
3941	/* Rename the extents. */
3942	for (i = 0, line = pImage->Descriptor.uFirstExtent;
3943	i < cExtents;
3944	i++, line = pImage->Descriptor.aNextLines[line])
3945	{
3946	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent = &pImage->pExtents[i];
3947	/* Assume that vmdkStrReplace will fail. */
3948	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
3949	/* Update the descriptor. */
3950	apszNewLines[i] = vmdkStrReplace(pImage->Descriptor.aLines[line],
3951	pszOldBasename, pszNewBasename);
3952	if (!apszNewLines[i])
3953	goto rollback;
3954	pImage->Descriptor.aLines[line] = apszNewLines[i];
3955	/* Compose new name for the extent. */
3956	apszNewName[i] = vmdkStrReplace(pExtent->pszFullname,
3957	pszOldBasename, pszNewBasename);
3958	if (!apszNewName[i])
3959	goto rollback;
3960	/* Close the extent file. */
3961	vmdkFileClose(pImage, &pExtent->pFile, false);
3962	/* Rename the extent file. */
3963	rc = RTFileMove(pExtent->pszFullname, apszNewName[i], 0);
3964	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3965	goto rollback;
3966	/* Remember the old name. */
3967	apszOldName[i] = RTStrDup(pExtent->pszFullname);
3968	}
3969
3970	/* Make sure the descriptor gets written back. */
3971	pImage->Descriptor.fDirty = true;
3972	/* Release all old stuff and write back the descriptor. */
3973	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, false);
3974
3975	fImageFreed = true;
3976
3977	/* Last elements of new/old name arrays are intended for
3978	* storing descriptor's names.
3979	*/
3980	apszNewName[cExtents] = RTPathFilename(pszFilename);
3981	/* Rename the descriptor file if it's separate. */
3982	if (!fEmbeddedDesc)
3983	{
3984	rc = RTFileMove(pImage->pszFilename, apszNewName[cExtents], 0);
3985	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
3986	goto rollback;
3987	/* Save old name only if we may need to change it back. */
3988	apszOldName[cExtents] = RTStrDup(pszFilename);
3989	}
3990
3991	/* Update pImage with the new information. */
3992	pImage->pszFilename = pszFilename;
3993
3994	/* Open the new image. */
3995	rc = vmdkOpenImage(pImage, pImage->uOpenFlags);
3996	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc))
3997	goto out;
3998
3999	rollback:
4000	/* Roll back all changes in case of failure. */
4001	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4002	{
4003	int rrc;
4004	if (!fImageFreed)
4005	{
4006	/*
4007	* Some extents may have been closed, close the rest. We will
4008	* re-open the whole thing later.
4009	*/
4010	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, false);
4011	}
4012	/* Rename files back and free the memory. */
4013	for (i = 0; i < cExtents + 1; i++)
4014	{
4015	if (apszOldName[i])
4016	{
4017	rrc = RTFileMove(apszNewName[i], apszOldName[i], 0);
4018	AssertRC(rrc);
4019	RTStrFree(apszOldName[i]);
4020	}
4021	if (apszNewName[i])
4022	RTStrFree(apszNewName[i]);
4023	if (apszNewLines[i])
4024	RTStrFree(apszNewLines[i]);
4025	}
4026	/* Restore the old descriptor. */
4027	PVMDKFILE pFile;
4028	rrc = vmdkFileOpen(pImage, &pFile, pszOldDescName,
4029	RTFILE_O_READWRITE \| RTFILE_O_OPEN \| RTFILE_O_DENY_WRITE, false);
4030	AssertRC(rrc);
4031	if (fEmbeddedDesc)
4032	{
4033	ExtentCopy.pFile = pFile;
4034	pImage->pExtents = &ExtentCopy;
4035	}
4036	else
4037	pImage->pFile = pFile;
4038	pImage->Descriptor = DescriptorCopy;
4039	vmdkWriteDescriptor(pImage);
4040	vmdkFileClose(pImage, &pFile, false);
4041	RTStrFree(pszOldDescName);
4042	/* Re-open the image back. */
4043	rrc = vmdkOpenImage(pImage, pImage->uOpenFlags);
4044	AssertRC(rrc);
4045	}
4046
4047	out:
4048	for (i = 0; i < DescriptorCopy.cLines; i++)
4049	if (DescriptorCopy.aLines[i])
4050	RTStrFree(DescriptorCopy.aLines[i]);
4051	if (apszOldName)
4052	RTMemTmpFree(apszOldName);
4053	if (apszNewName)
4054	RTMemTmpFree(apszNewName);
4055	if (apszNewLines)
4056	RTMemTmpFree(apszNewLines);
4057	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4058	return rc;
4059	}
4060
4061	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnClose */
4062	static int vmdkClose(void *pBackendData, bool fDelete)
4063	{
4064	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p fDelete=%d\n", pBackendData, fDelete));
4065	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4066	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4067
4068	/* Freeing a never allocated image (e.g. because the open failed) is
4069	* not signalled as an error. After all nothing bad happens. */
4070	if (pImage)
4071	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, fDelete);
4072
4073	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4074	return rc;
4075	}
4076
4077	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnRead */
4078	static int vmdkRead(void pBackendData, uint64_t uOffset, void pvBuf,
4079	size_t cbToRead, size_t *pcbActuallyRead)
4080	{
4081	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p uOffset=%llu pvBuf=%#p cbToRead=%zu pcbActuallyRead=%#p\n", pBackendData, uOffset, pvBuf, cbToRead, pcbActuallyRead));
4082	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4083	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
4084	uint64_t uSectorExtentRel;
4085	uint64_t uSectorExtentAbs;
4086	int rc;
4087
4088	Assert(pImage);
4089	Assert(uOffset % 512 == 0);
4090	Assert(cbToRead % 512 == 0);
4091
4092	if ( uOffset + cbToRead > pImage->cbSize
4093	\|\| cbToRead == 0)
4094	{
4095	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
4096	goto out;
4097	}
4098
4099	rc = vmdkFindExtent(pImage, VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(uOffset),
4100	&pExtent, &uSectorExtentRel);
4101	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4102	goto out;
4103
4104	/* Check access permissions as defined in the extent descriptor. */
4105	if (pExtent->enmAccess == VMDKACCESS_NOACCESS)
4106	{
4107	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_STATE;
4108	goto out;
4109	}
4110
4111	/* Clip read range to remain in this extent. */
4112	cbToRead = RT_MIN(cbToRead, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorOffset + pExtent->cNominalSectors - uSectorExtentRel));
4113
4114	/* Handle the read according to the current extent type. */
4115	switch (pExtent->enmType)
4116	{
4117	case VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE:
4118	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
4119	case VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE:
4120	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
4121	rc = vmdkGetSector(pImage->pGTCache, pExtent, uSectorExtentRel,
4122	&uSectorExtentAbs);
4123	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4124	goto out;
4125	/* Clip read range to at most the rest of the grain. */
4126	cbToRead = RT_MIN(cbToRead, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain - uSectorExtentRel % pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain));
4127	Assert(!(cbToRead % 512));
4128	if (uSectorExtentAbs == 0)
4129	rc = VERR_VDI_BLOCK_FREE;
4130	else
4131	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile,
4132	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uSectorExtentAbs),
4133	pvBuf, cbToRead, NULL);
4134	break;
4135	case VMDKETYPE_FLAT:
4136	rc = vmdkFileReadAt(pExtent->pFile,
4137	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uSectorExtentRel),
4138	pvBuf, cbToRead, NULL);
4139	break;
4140	case VMDKETYPE_ZERO:
4141	memset(pvBuf, '\0', cbToRead);
4142	break;
4143	}
4144	*pcbActuallyRead = cbToRead;
4145
4146	out:
4147	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4148	return rc;
4149	}
4150
4151	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnWrite */
4152	static int vmdkWrite(void pBackendData, uint64_t uOffset, const void pvBuf,
4153	size_t cbToWrite, size_t *pcbWriteProcess,
4154	size_t pcbPreRead, size_t pcbPostRead, unsigned fWrite)
4155	{
4156	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p uOffset=%llu pvBuf=%#p cbToWrite=%zu pcbWriteProcess=%#p pcbPreRead=%#p pcbPostRead=%#p\n", pBackendData, uOffset, pvBuf, cbToWrite, pcbWriteProcess, pcbPreRead, pcbPostRead));
4157	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4158	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
4159	uint64_t uSectorExtentRel;
4160	uint64_t uSectorExtentAbs;
4161	int rc;
4162
4163	Assert(pImage);
4164	Assert(uOffset % 512 == 0);
4165	Assert(cbToWrite % 512 == 0);
4166
4167	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
4168	{
4169	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4170	goto out;
4171	}
4172
4173	if (cbToWrite == 0)
4174	{
4175	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
4176	goto out;
4177	}
4178
4179	/* No size check here, will do that later when the extent is located.
4180	* There are sparse images out there which according to the spec are
4181	* invalid, because the total size is not a multiple of the grain size.
4182	* Also for sparse images which are stitched together in odd ways (not at
4183	* grain boundaries, and with the nominal size not being a multiple of the
4184	* grain size), this would prevent writing to the last grain. */
4185
4186	rc = vmdkFindExtent(pImage, VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(uOffset),
4187	&pExtent, &uSectorExtentRel);
4188	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4189	goto out;
4190
4191	/* Check access permissions as defined in the extent descriptor. */
4192	if (pExtent->enmAccess != VMDKACCESS_READWRITE)
4193	{
4194	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_STATE;
4195	goto out;
4196	}
4197
4198	/* Handle the write according to the current extent type. */
4199	switch (pExtent->enmType)
4200	{
4201	case VMDKETYPE_HOSTED_SPARSE:
4202	#ifdef VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX
4203	case VMDKETYPE_ESX_SPARSE:
4204	#endif /* VBOX_WITH_VMDK_ESX */
4205	rc = vmdkGetSector(pImage->pGTCache, pExtent, uSectorExtentRel,
4206	&uSectorExtentAbs);
4207	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4208	goto out;
4209	/* Clip write range to at most the rest of the grain. */
4210	cbToWrite = RT_MIN(cbToWrite, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain - uSectorExtentRel % pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain));
4211	if (uSectorExtentAbs == 0)
4212	{
4213	if (cbToWrite == VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain))
4214	{
4215	/* Full block write to a previously unallocated block.
4216	* Check if the caller wants to avoid this. */
4217	if (!(fWrite & VD_WRITE_NO_ALLOC))
4218	{
4219	/* Allocate GT and find out where to store the grain. */
4220	rc = vmdkAllocGrain(pImage->pGTCache, pExtent,
4221	uSectorExtentRel, pvBuf, cbToWrite);
4222	}
4223	else
4224	rc = VERR_VDI_BLOCK_FREE;
4225	*pcbPreRead = 0;
4226	*pcbPostRead = 0;
4227	}
4228	else
4229	{
4230	/* Clip write range to remain in this extent. */
4231	cbToWrite = RT_MIN(cbToWrite, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorOffset + pExtent->cNominalSectors - uSectorExtentRel));
4232	*pcbPreRead = VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uSectorExtentRel % pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain);
4233	pcbPostRead = VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->cSectorsPerGrain) - cbToWrite - pcbPreRead;
4234	rc = VERR_VDI_BLOCK_FREE;
4235	}
4236	}
4237	else
4238	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
4239	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uSectorExtentAbs),
4240	pvBuf, cbToWrite, NULL);
4241	break;
4242	case VMDKETYPE_FLAT:
4243	/* Clip write range to remain in this extent. */
4244	cbToWrite = RT_MIN(cbToWrite, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorOffset + pExtent->cNominalSectors - uSectorExtentRel));
4245	rc = vmdkFileWriteAt(pExtent->pFile,
4246	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uSectorExtentRel),
4247	pvBuf, cbToWrite, NULL);
4248	break;
4249	case VMDKETYPE_ZERO:
4250	/* Clip write range to remain in this extent. */
4251	cbToWrite = RT_MIN(cbToWrite, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorOffset + pExtent->cNominalSectors - uSectorExtentRel));
4252	break;
4253	}
4254	if (pcbWriteProcess)
4255	*pcbWriteProcess = cbToWrite;
4256
4257	out:
4258	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4259	return rc;
4260	}
4261
4262	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnFlush */
4263	static int vmdkFlush(void *pBackendData)
4264	{
4265	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p\n", pBackendData));
4266	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4267	int rc;
4268
4269	Assert(pImage);
4270
4271	rc = vmdkFlushImage(pImage);
4272	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4273	return rc;
4274	}
4275
4276	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetVersion */
4277	static unsigned vmdkGetVersion(void *pBackendData)
4278	{
4279	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p\n", pBackendData));
4280	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4281
4282	Assert(pImage);
4283
4284	if (pImage)
4285	return VMDK_IMAGE_VERSION;
4286	else
4287	return 0;
4288	}
4289
4290	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetImageType */
4291	static int vmdkGetImageType(void *pBackendData, PVDIMAGETYPE penmImageType)
4292	{
4293	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p penmImageType=%#p\n", pBackendData, penmImageType));
4294	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4295	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4296
4297	Assert(pImage);
4298	Assert(penmImageType);
4299
4300	if (pImage && pImage->cExtents != 0)
4301	*penmImageType = pImage->enmImageType;
4302	else
4303	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4304
4305	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc enmImageType=%u\n", rc, *penmImageType));
4306	return rc;
4307	}
4308
4309	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetSize */
4310	static uint64_t vmdkGetSize(void *pBackendData)
4311	{
4312	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p\n", pBackendData));
4313	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4314
4315	Assert(pImage);
4316
4317	if (pImage)
4318	return pImage->cbSize;
4319	else
4320	return 0;
4321	}
4322
4323	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetFileSize */
4324	static uint64_t vmdkGetFileSize(void *pBackendData)
4325	{
4326	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p\n", pBackendData));
4327	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4328	uint64_t cb = 0;
4329
4330	Assert(pImage);
4331
4332	if (pImage)
4333	{
4334	uint64_t cbFile;
4335	if (pImage->pFile != NULL)
4336	{
4337	int rc = vmdkFileGetSize(pImage->pFile, &cbFile);
4338	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc))
4339	cb += cbFile;
4340	for (unsigned i = 0; i <= pImage->cExtents; i++)
4341	{
4342	rc = vmdkFileGetSize(pImage->pFile, &cbFile);
4343	if (VBOX_SUCCESS(rc))
4344	cb += cbFile;
4345	}
4346	}
4347	}
4348
4349	LogFlowFunc(("returns %lld\n", cb));
4350	return cb;
4351	}
4352
4353	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetPCHSGeometry */
4354	static int vmdkGetPCHSGeometry(void *pBackendData,
4355	PPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pPCHSGeometry)
4356	{
4357	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pPCHSGeometry=%#p\n", pBackendData, pPCHSGeometry));
4358	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4359	int rc;
4360
4361	Assert(pImage);
4362
4363	if (pImage)
4364	{
4365	if (pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders)
4366	{
4367	*pPCHSGeometry = pImage->PCHSGeometry;
4368	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4369	}
4370	else
4371	rc = VERR_VDI_GEOMETRY_NOT_SET;
4372	}
4373	else
4374	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4375
4376	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (PCHS=%u/%u/%u)\n", rc, pPCHSGeometry->cCylinders, pPCHSGeometry->cHeads, pPCHSGeometry->cSectors));
4377	return rc;
4378	}
4379
4380	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetPCHSGeometry */
4381	static int vmdkSetPCHSGeometry(void *pBackendData,
4382	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pPCHSGeometry)
4383	{
4384	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pPCHSGeometry=%#p PCHS=%u/%u/%u\n", pBackendData, pPCHSGeometry, pPCHSGeometry->cCylinders, pPCHSGeometry->cHeads, pPCHSGeometry->cSectors));
4385	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4386	int rc;
4387
4388	Assert(pImage);
4389
4390	if (pImage)
4391	{
4392	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
4393	{
4394	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4395	goto out;
4396	}
4397	rc = vmdkDescSetPCHSGeometry(pImage, pPCHSGeometry);
4398	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4399	goto out;
4400
4401	pImage->PCHSGeometry = *pPCHSGeometry;
4402	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4403	}
4404	else
4405	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4406
4407	out:
4408	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4409	return rc;
4410	}
4411
4412	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetLCHSGeometry */
4413	static int vmdkGetLCHSGeometry(void *pBackendData,
4414	PPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pLCHSGeometry)
4415	{
4416	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pLCHSGeometry=%#p\n", pBackendData, pLCHSGeometry));
4417	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4418	int rc;
4419
4420	Assert(pImage);
4421
4422	if (pImage)
4423	{
4424	if (pImage->LCHSGeometry.cCylinders)
4425	{
4426	*pLCHSGeometry = pImage->LCHSGeometry;
4427	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4428	}
4429	else
4430	rc = VERR_VDI_GEOMETRY_NOT_SET;
4431	}
4432	else
4433	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4434
4435	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (LCHS=%u/%u/%u)\n", rc, pLCHSGeometry->cCylinders, pLCHSGeometry->cHeads, pLCHSGeometry->cSectors));
4436	return rc;
4437	}
4438
4439	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetLCHSGeometry */
4440	static int vmdkSetLCHSGeometry(void *pBackendData,
4441	PCPDMMEDIAGEOMETRY pLCHSGeometry)
4442	{
4443	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pLCHSGeometry=%#p LCHS=%u/%u/%u\n", pBackendData, pLCHSGeometry, pLCHSGeometry->cCylinders, pLCHSGeometry->cHeads, pLCHSGeometry->cSectors));
4444	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4445	int rc;
4446
4447	Assert(pImage);
4448
4449	if (pImage)
4450	{
4451	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
4452	{
4453	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4454	goto out;
4455	}
4456	rc = vmdkDescSetLCHSGeometry(pImage, pLCHSGeometry);
4457	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4458	goto out;
4459
4460	pImage->LCHSGeometry = *pLCHSGeometry;
4461	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4462	}
4463	else
4464	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4465
4466	out:
4467	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4468	return rc;
4469	}
4470
4471	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetImageFlags */
4472	static unsigned vmdkGetImageFlags(void *pBackendData)
4473	{
4474	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p\n", pBackendData));
4475	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4476	unsigned uImageFlags;
4477
4478	Assert(pImage);
4479
4480	if (pImage)
4481	uImageFlags = pImage->uImageFlags;
4482	else
4483	uImageFlags = 0;
4484
4485	LogFlowFunc(("returns %#x\n", uImageFlags));
4486	return uImageFlags;
4487	}
4488
4489	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetOpenFlags */
4490	static unsigned vmdkGetOpenFlags(void *pBackendData)
4491	{
4492	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p\n", pBackendData));
4493	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4494	unsigned uOpenFlags;
4495
4496	Assert(pImage);
4497
4498	if (pImage)
4499	uOpenFlags = pImage->uOpenFlags;
4500	else
4501	uOpenFlags = 0;
4502
4503	LogFlowFunc(("returns %#x\n", uOpenFlags));
4504	return uOpenFlags;
4505	}
4506
4507	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetOpenFlags */
4508	static int vmdkSetOpenFlags(void *pBackendData, unsigned uOpenFlags)
4509	{
4510	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p\n uOpenFlags=%#x", pBackendData, uOpenFlags));
4511	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4512	int rc;
4513	const char *pszFilename;
4514
4515	/* Image must be opened and the new flags must be valid. Just readonly flag
4516	* is supported. */
4517	if (!pImage \|\| uOpenFlags & ~(VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY \| VD_OPEN_FLAGS_ASYNC_IO))
4518	{
4519	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
4520	goto out;
4521	}
4522
4523	/* Implement this operation via reopening the image. */
4524	pszFilename = pImage->pszFilename;
4525	vmdkFreeImage(pImage, false);
4526	rc = vmdkOpenImage(pImage, uOpenFlags);
4527
4528	out:
4529	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4530	return rc;
4531	}
4532
4533	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetComment */
4534	static int vmdkGetComment(void pBackendData, char pszComment,
4535	size_t cbComment)
4536	{
4537	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pszComment=%#p cbComment=%zu\n", pBackendData, pszComment, cbComment));
4538	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4539	int rc;
4540
4541	Assert(pImage);
4542
4543	if (pImage)
4544	{
4545	const char *pszCommentEncoded = NULL;
4546	rc = vmdkDescDDBGetStr(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
4547	"ddb.comment", &pszCommentEncoded);
4548	if (rc == VERR_VDI_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)
4549	pszCommentEncoded = NULL;
4550	else if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4551	goto out;
4552
4553	if (pszComment)
4554	rc = vmdkDecodeString(pszCommentEncoded, pszComment, cbComment);
4555	else
4556	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4557	if (pszCommentEncoded)
4558	RTStrFree((char )(void )pszCommentEncoded);
4559	}
4560	else
4561	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4562
4563	out:
4564	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc comment='%s'\n", rc, pszComment));
4565	return rc;
4566	}
4567
4568	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetComment */
4569	static int vmdkSetComment(void pBackendData, const char pszComment)
4570	{
4571	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pszComment=\"%s\"\n", pBackendData, pszComment));
4572	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4573	int rc;
4574
4575	Assert(pImage);
4576
4577	if (pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY)
4578	{
4579	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4580	goto out;
4581	}
4582
4583	if (pImage)
4584	rc = vmdkSetImageComment(pImage, pszComment);
4585	else
4586	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4587
4588	out:
4589	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4590	return rc;
4591	}
4592
4593	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetUuid */
4594	static int vmdkGetUuid(void *pBackendData, PRTUUID pUuid)
4595	{
4596	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pUuid=%#p\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4597	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4598	int rc;
4599
4600	Assert(pImage);
4601
4602	if (pImage)
4603	{
4604	*pUuid = pImage->ImageUuid;
4605	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4606	}
4607	else
4608	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4609
4610	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (%Vuuid)\n", rc, pUuid));
4611	return rc;
4612	}
4613
4614	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetUuid */
4615	static int vmdkSetUuid(void *pBackendData, PCRTUUID pUuid)
4616	{
4617	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p Uuid=%Vuuid\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4618	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4619	int rc;
4620
4621	LogFlowFunc(("%Vuuid\n", pUuid));
4622	Assert(pImage);
4623
4624	if (pImage)
4625	{
4626	if (!(pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
4627	{
4628	pImage->ImageUuid = *pUuid;
4629	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
4630	VMDK_DDB_IMAGE_UUID, pUuid);
4631	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4632	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing image UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
4633	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4634	}
4635	else
4636	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4637	}
4638	else
4639	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4640
4641	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4642	return rc;
4643	}
4644
4645	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetModificationUuid */
4646	static int vmdkGetModificationUuid(void *pBackendData, PRTUUID pUuid)
4647	{
4648	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pUuid=%#p\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4649	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4650	int rc;
4651
4652	Assert(pImage);
4653
4654	if (pImage)
4655	{
4656	*pUuid = pImage->ModificationUuid;
4657	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4658	}
4659	else
4660	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4661
4662	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (%Vuuid)\n", rc, pUuid));
4663	return rc;
4664	}
4665
4666	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetModificationUuid */
4667	static int vmdkSetModificationUuid(void *pBackendData, PCRTUUID pUuid)
4668	{
4669	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p Uuid=%Vuuid\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4670	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4671	int rc;
4672
4673	Assert(pImage);
4674
4675	if (pImage)
4676	{
4677	if (!(pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
4678	{
4679	pImage->ModificationUuid = *pUuid;
4680	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
4681	VMDK_DDB_MODIFICATION_UUID, pUuid);
4682	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4683	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing modification UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
4684	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4685	}
4686	else
4687	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4688	}
4689	else
4690	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4691
4692	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4693	return rc;
4694	}
4695
4696	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetParentUuid */
4697	static int vmdkGetParentUuid(void *pBackendData, PRTUUID pUuid)
4698	{
4699	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pUuid=%#p\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4700	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4701	int rc;
4702
4703	Assert(pImage);
4704
4705	if (pImage)
4706	{
4707	*pUuid = pImage->ParentUuid;
4708	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4709	}
4710	else
4711	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4712
4713	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (%Vuuid)\n", rc, pUuid));
4714	return rc;
4715	}
4716
4717	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetParentUuid */
4718	static int vmdkSetParentUuid(void *pBackendData, PCRTUUID pUuid)
4719	{
4720	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p Uuid=%Vuuid\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4721	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4722	int rc;
4723
4724	Assert(pImage);
4725
4726	if (pImage)
4727	{
4728	if (!(pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
4729	{
4730	pImage->ParentUuid = *pUuid;
4731	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
4732	VMDK_DDB_PARENT_UUID, pUuid);
4733	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4734	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing parent image UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
4735	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4736	}
4737	else
4738	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4739	}
4740	else
4741	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4742
4743	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4744	return rc;
4745	}
4746
4747	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnGetParentModificationUuid */
4748	static int vmdkGetParentModificationUuid(void *pBackendData, PRTUUID pUuid)
4749	{
4750	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p pUuid=%#p\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4751	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4752	int rc;
4753
4754	Assert(pImage);
4755
4756	if (pImage)
4757	{
4758	*pUuid = pImage->ParentModificationUuid;
4759	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4760	}
4761	else
4762	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4763
4764	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc (%Vuuid)\n", rc, pUuid));
4765	return rc;
4766	}
4767
4768	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnSetParentModificationUuid */
4769	static int vmdkSetParentModificationUuid(void *pBackendData, PCRTUUID pUuid)
4770	{
4771	LogFlowFunc(("pBackendData=%#p Uuid=%Vuuid\n", pBackendData, pUuid));
4772	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4773	int rc;
4774
4775	Assert(pImage);
4776
4777	if (pImage)
4778	{
4779	if (!(pImage->uOpenFlags & VD_OPEN_FLAGS_READONLY))
4780	{
4781	pImage->ParentModificationUuid = *pUuid;
4782	rc = vmdkDescDDBSetUuid(pImage, &pImage->Descriptor,
4783	VMDK_DDB_PARENT_MODIFICATION_UUID, pUuid);
4784	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4785	return vmdkError(pImage, rc, RT_SRC_POS, N_("VMDK: error storing parent image UUID in descriptor in '%s'"), pImage->pszFilename);
4786	rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4787	}
4788	else
4789	rc = VERR_VDI_IMAGE_READ_ONLY;
4790	}
4791	else
4792	rc = VERR_VDI_NOT_OPENED;
4793
4794	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
4795	return rc;
4796	}
4797
4798	/** @copydoc VBOXHDDBACKEND::pfnDump */
4799	static void vmdkDump(void *pBackendData)
4800	{
4801	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pBackendData;
4802
4803	Assert(pImage);
4804	if (pImage)
4805	{
4806	RTLogPrintf("Header: Geometry PCHS=%u/%u/%u LCHS=%u/%u/%u cbSector=%llu\n",
4807	pImage->PCHSGeometry.cCylinders, pImage->PCHSGeometry.cHeads, pImage->PCHSGeometry.cSectors,
4808	pImage->LCHSGeometry.cCylinders, pImage->LCHSGeometry.cHeads, pImage->LCHSGeometry.cSectors,
4809	VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(pImage->cbSize));
4810	RTLogPrintf("Header: uuidCreation={%Vuuid}\n", &pImage->ImageUuid);
4811	RTLogPrintf("Header: uuidModification={%Vuuid}\n", &pImage->ModificationUuid);
4812	RTLogPrintf("Header: uuidParent={%Vuuid}\n", &pImage->ParentUuid);
4813	RTLogPrintf("Header: uuidParentModification={%Vuuid}\n", &pImage->ParentModificationUuid);
4814	}
4815	}
4816
4817
4818	static int vmdkGetTimeStamp(void *pvBackendData, PRTTIMESPEC pTimeStamp)
4819	{
4820	int rc = VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
4821	LogFlow(("%s: returned %Vrc\n", __FUNCTION__, rc));
4822	return rc;
4823	}
4824
4825	static int vmdkGetParentTimeStamp(void *pvBackendData, PRTTIMESPEC pTimeStamp)
4826	{
4827	int rc = VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
4828	LogFlow(("%s: returned %Vrc\n", __FUNCTION__, rc));
4829	return rc;
4830	}
4831
4832	static int vmdkSetParentTimeStamp(void *pvBackendData, PCRTTIMESPEC pTimeStamp)
4833	{
4834	int rc = VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
4835	LogFlow(("%s: returned %Vrc\n", __FUNCTION__, rc));
4836	return rc;
4837	}
4838
4839	static int vmdkGetParentFilename(void pvBackendData, char *ppszParentFilename)
4840	{
4841	int rc = VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
4842	LogFlow(("%s: returned %Vrc\n", __FUNCTION__, rc));
4843	return rc;
4844	}
4845
4846	static int vmdkSetParentFilename(void pvBackendData, const char pszParentFilename)
4847	{
4848	int rc = VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
4849	LogFlow(("%s: returned %Vrc\n", __FUNCTION__, rc));
4850	return rc;
4851	}
4852
4853	static bool vmdkIsAsyncIOSupported(void *pvBackendData)
4854	{
4855	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pvBackendData;
4856	bool fAsyncIOSupported = false;
4857
4858	if (pImage)
4859	{
4860	/* We only support async I/O support if the image only consists of FLAT or ZERO extents. */
4861	fAsyncIOSupported = true;
4862	for (unsigned i = 0; i < pImage->cExtents; i++)
4863	{
4864	if ( (pImage->pExtents[i].enmType != VMDKETYPE_FLAT)
4865	&& (pImage->pExtents[i].enmType != VMDKETYPE_ZERO))
4866	{
4867	fAsyncIOSupported = false;
4868	break; /* Stop search */
4869	}
4870	}
4871	}
4872
4873	return fAsyncIOSupported;
4874	}
4875
4876	static int vmdkAsyncRead(void *pvBackendData, uint64_t uOffset, size_t cbRead,
4877	PPDMDATASEG paSeg, unsigned cSeg, void *pvUser)
4878	{
4879	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pvBackendData;
4880	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
4881	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
4882	unsigned cTasksToSubmit = 0;
4883	PPDMDATASEG paSegCurrent = paSeg;
4884	unsigned cbLeftInCurrentSegment = paSegCurrent->cbSeg;
4885	unsigned uOffsetInCurrentSegment = 0;
4886
4887	Assert(pImage);
4888	Assert(uOffset % 512 == 0);
4889	Assert(cbRead % 512 == 0);
4890
4891	if ( uOffset + cbRead > pImage->cbSize
4892	\|\| cbRead == 0)
4893	{
4894	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
4895	goto out;
4896	}
4897
4898	while (cbRead && cSeg)
4899	{
4900	unsigned cbToRead;
4901	uint64_t uSectorExtentRel;
4902
4903	rc = vmdkFindExtent(pImage, VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(uOffset),
4904	&pExtent, &uSectorExtentRel);
4905	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4906	goto out;
4907
4908	/* Check access permissions as defined in the extent descriptor. */
4909	if (pExtent->enmAccess == VMDKACCESS_NOACCESS)
4910	{
4911	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_STATE;
4912	goto out;
4913	}
4914
4915	/* Clip read range to remain in this extent. */
4916	cbToRead = RT_MIN(cbRead, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorOffset + pExtent->cNominalSectors - uSectorExtentRel));
4917	/* Clip read range to remain into current data segment. */
4918	cbToRead = RT_MIN(cbToRead, cbLeftInCurrentSegment);
4919
4920	switch (pExtent->enmType)
4921	{
4922	case VMDKETYPE_FLAT:
4923	{
4924	/* Setup new task. */
4925	void *pTask;
4926	rc = pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnPrepareRead(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser, pExtent->pFile->pStorage,
4927	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uSectorExtentRel),
4928	(uint8_t *)paSegCurrent->pvSeg + uOffsetInCurrentSegment,
4929	cbToRead, &pTask);
4930	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
4931	{
4932	AssertMsgFailed(("Preparing read failed rc=%Vrc\n", rc));
4933	goto out;
4934	}
4935
4936	/* Check for enough room first. */
4937	if (cTasksToSubmit >= pImage->cTask)
4938	{
4939	/* We reached maximum, resize array. Try to realloc memory first. */
4940	void apTaskNew = (void )RTMemRealloc(pImage->apTask, (cTasksToSubmit + 10)sizeof(void ));
4941
4942	if (!apTaskNew)
4943	{
4944	/* We failed. Allocate completely new. */
4945	apTaskNew = (void *)RTMemAllocZ((cTasksToSubmit + 10) sizeof(void *));
4946	if (!apTaskNew)
4947	{
4948	/* Damn, we are out of memory. */
4949	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
4950	goto out;
4951	}
4952
4953	/* Copy task handles over. */
4954	for (unsigned i = 0; i < cTasksToSubmit; i++)
4955	apTaskNew[i] = pImage->apTask[i];
4956
4957	/* Free old memory. */
4958	RTMemFree(pImage->apTask);
4959	}
4960
4961	pImage->cTask = cTasksToSubmit + 10;
4962	pImage->apTask = apTaskNew;
4963	}
4964
4965	pImage->apTask[cTasksToSubmit] = pTask;
4966	cTasksToSubmit++;
4967	break;
4968	}
4969	case VMDKETYPE_ZERO:
4970	memset((uint8_t *)paSegCurrent->pvSeg + uOffsetInCurrentSegment, 0, cbToRead);
4971	break;
4972	default:
4973	AssertMsgFailed(("Unsupported extent type %u\n", pExtent->enmType));
4974	}
4975
4976	cbRead -= cbToRead;
4977	uOffset += cbToRead;
4978	cbLeftInCurrentSegment -= cbToRead;
4979	uOffsetInCurrentSegment += cbToRead;
4980	/* Go to next extent if there is no space left in current one. */
4981	if (!cbLeftInCurrentSegment)
4982	{
4983	uOffsetInCurrentSegment = 0;
4984	paSegCurrent++;
4985	cSeg--;
4986	cbLeftInCurrentSegment = paSegCurrent->cbSeg;
4987	}
4988	}
4989
4990	AssertMsg((cSeg >= 0) && (cbRead == 0), ("No segment left but there is still data to read\n"));
4991
4992	if (cTasksToSubmit == 0)
4993	{
4994	/* The request was completely in a ZERO extent nothing to do. */
4995	rc = VINF_VDI_ASYNC_IO_FINISHED;
4996	}
4997	else
4998	{
4999	/* Submit tasks. */
5000	rc = pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnTasksSubmit(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
5001	pImage->apTask, cTasksToSubmit,
5002	NULL, pvUser,
5003	NULL /* Nothing required after read. */);
5004	AssertMsg(VBOX_SUCCESS(rc), ("Failed to enqueue tasks rc=%Vrc\n", rc));
5005	}
5006
5007	out:
5008	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
5009	return rc;
5010	}
5011
5012	static int vmdkAsyncWrite(void *pvBackendData, uint64_t uOffset, size_t cbWrite,
5013	PPDMDATASEG paSeg, unsigned cSeg, void *pvUser)
5014	{
5015	PVMDKIMAGE pImage = (PVMDKIMAGE)pvBackendData;
5016	PVMDKEXTENT pExtent;
5017	int rc = VINF_SUCCESS;
5018	unsigned cTasksToSubmit = 0;
5019	PPDMDATASEG paSegCurrent = paSeg;
5020	unsigned cbLeftInCurrentSegment = paSegCurrent->cbSeg;
5021	unsigned uOffsetInCurrentSegment = 0;
5022
5023	Assert(pImage);
5024	Assert(uOffset % 512 == 0);
5025	Assert(cbWrite % 512 == 0);
5026
5027	if ( uOffset + cbWrite > pImage->cbSize
5028	\|\| cbWrite == 0)
5029	{
5030	rc = VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
5031	goto out;
5032	}
5033
5034	while (cbWrite && cSeg)
5035	{
5036	unsigned cbToWrite;
5037	uint64_t uSectorExtentRel;
5038
5039	rc = vmdkFindExtent(pImage, VMDK_BYTE2SECTOR(uOffset),
5040	&pExtent, &uSectorExtentRel);
5041	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
5042	goto out;
5043
5044	/* Check access permissions as defined in the extent descriptor. */
5045	if (pExtent->enmAccess == VMDKACCESS_NOACCESS)
5046	{
5047	rc = VERR_VDI_INVALID_STATE;
5048	goto out;
5049	}
5050
5051	/* Clip write range to remain in this extent. */
5052	cbToWrite = RT_MIN(cbWrite, VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(pExtent->uSectorOffset + pExtent->cNominalSectors - uSectorExtentRel));
5053	/* Clip write range to remain into current data segment. */
5054	cbToWrite = RT_MIN(cbToWrite, cbLeftInCurrentSegment);
5055
5056	switch (pExtent->enmType)
5057	{
5058	case VMDKETYPE_FLAT:
5059	{
5060	/* Setup new task. */
5061	void *pTask;
5062	rc = pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnPrepareWrite(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser, pExtent->pFile->pStorage,
5063	VMDK_SECTOR2BYTE(uSectorExtentRel),
5064	(uint8_t *)paSegCurrent->pvSeg + uOffsetInCurrentSegment,
5065	cbToWrite, &pTask);
5066	if (VBOX_FAILURE(rc))
5067	{
5068	AssertMsgFailed(("Preparing read failed rc=%Vrc\n", rc));
5069	goto out;
5070	}
5071
5072	/* Check for enough room first. */
5073	if (cTasksToSubmit >= pImage->cTask)
5074	{
5075	/* We reached maximum, resize array. Try to realloc memory first. */
5076	void apTaskNew = (void )RTMemRealloc(pImage->apTask, (cTasksToSubmit + 10)sizeof(void ));
5077
5078	if (!apTaskNew)
5079	{
5080	/* We failed. Allocate completely new. */
5081	apTaskNew = (void *)RTMemAllocZ((cTasksToSubmit + 10) sizeof(void *));
5082	if (!apTaskNew)
5083	{
5084	/* Damn, we are out of memory. */
5085	rc = VERR_NO_MEMORY;
5086	goto out;
5087	}
5088
5089	/* Copy task handles over. */
5090	for (unsigned i = 0; i < cTasksToSubmit; i++)
5091	apTaskNew[i] = pImage->apTask[i];
5092
5093	/* Free old memory. */
5094	RTMemFree(pImage->apTask);
5095	}
5096
5097	pImage->cTask = cTasksToSubmit + 10;
5098	pImage->apTask = apTaskNew;
5099	}
5100
5101	pImage->apTask[cTasksToSubmit] = pTask;
5102	cTasksToSubmit++;
5103	break;
5104	}
5105	case VMDKETYPE_ZERO:
5106	/* Nothing left to do. */
5107	break;
5108	default:
5109	AssertMsgFailed(("Unsupported extent type %u\n", pExtent->enmType));
5110	}
5111
5112	cbWrite -= cbToWrite;
5113	uOffset += cbToWrite;
5114	cbLeftInCurrentSegment -= cbToWrite;
5115	uOffsetInCurrentSegment += cbToWrite;
5116	/* Go to next extent if there is no space left in current one. */
5117	if (!cbLeftInCurrentSegment)
5118	{
5119	uOffsetInCurrentSegment = 0;
5120	paSegCurrent++;
5121	cSeg--;
5122	cbLeftInCurrentSegment = paSegCurrent->cbSeg;
5123	}
5124	}
5125
5126	AssertMsg((cSeg >= 0) && (cbWrite == 0), ("No segment left but there is still data to read\n"));
5127
5128	if (cTasksToSubmit == 0)
5129	{
5130	/* The request was completely in a ZERO extent nothing to do. */
5131	rc = VINF_VDI_ASYNC_IO_FINISHED;
5132	}
5133	else
5134	{
5135	/* Submit tasks. */
5136	rc = pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIOCallbacks->pfnTasksSubmit(pImage->pInterfaceAsyncIO->pvUser,
5137	pImage->apTask, cTasksToSubmit,
5138	NULL, pvUser,
5139	NULL /* Nothing required after read. */);
5140	AssertMsg(VBOX_SUCCESS(rc), ("Failed to enqueue tasks rc=%Vrc\n", rc));
5141	}
5142
5143	out:
5144	LogFlowFunc(("returns %Vrc\n", rc));
5145	return rc;
5146
5147	}
5148
5149
5150	VBOXHDDBACKEND g_VmdkBackend =
5151	{
5152	/* pszBackendName */
5153	"VMDK",
5154	/* cbSize */
5155	sizeof(VBOXHDDBACKEND),
5156	/* uBackendCaps */
5157	VD_CAP_UUID \| VD_CAP_CREATE_FIXED \| VD_CAP_CREATE_DYNAMIC
5158	\| VD_CAP_CREATE_SPLIT_2G \| VD_CAP_DIFF \| VD_CAP_FILE \|VD_CAP_ASYNC,
5159	/* pfnCheckIfValid */
5160	vmdkCheckIfValid,
5161	/* pfnOpen */
5162	vmdkOpen,
5163	/* pfnCreate */
5164	vmdkCreate,
5165	/* pfnRename */
5166	vmdkRename,
5167	/* pfnClose */
5168	vmdkClose,
5169	/* pfnRead */
5170	vmdkRead,
5171	/* pfnWrite */
5172	vmdkWrite,
5173	/* pfnFlush */
5174	vmdkFlush,
5175	/* pfnGetVersion */
5176	vmdkGetVersion,
5177	/* pfnGetImageType */
5178	vmdkGetImageType,
5179	/* pfnGetSize */
5180	vmdkGetSize,
5181	/* pfnGetFileSize */
5182	vmdkGetFileSize,
5183	/* pfnGetPCHSGeometry */
5184	vmdkGetPCHSGeometry,
5185	/* pfnSetPCHSGeometry */
5186	vmdkSetPCHSGeometry,
5187	/* pfnGetLCHSGeometry */
5188	vmdkGetLCHSGeometry,
5189	/* pfnSetLCHSGeometry */
5190	vmdkSetLCHSGeometry,
5191	/* pfnGetImageFlags */
5192	vmdkGetImageFlags,
5193	/* pfnGetOpenFlags */
5194	vmdkGetOpenFlags,
5195	/* pfnSetOpenFlags */
5196	vmdkSetOpenFlags,
5197	/* pfnGetComment */
5198	vmdkGetComment,
5199	/* pfnSetComment */
5200	vmdkSetComment,
5201	/* pfnGetUuid */
5202	vmdkGetUuid,
5203	/* pfnSetUuid */
5204	vmdkSetUuid,
5205	/* pfnGetModificationUuid */
5206	vmdkGetModificationUuid,
5207	/* pfnSetModificationUuid */
5208	vmdkSetModificationUuid,
5209	/* pfnGetParentUuid */
5210	vmdkGetParentUuid,
5211	/* pfnSetParentUuid */
5212	vmdkSetParentUuid,
5213	/* pfnGetParentModificationUuid */
5214	vmdkGetParentModificationUuid,
5215	/* pfnSetParentModificationUuid */
5216	vmdkSetParentModificationUuid,
5217	/* pfnDump */
5218	vmdkDump,
5219	/* pfnGetTimeStamp */
5220	vmdkGetTimeStamp,
5221	/* pfnGetParentTimeStamp */
5222	vmdkGetParentTimeStamp,
5223	/* pfnSetParentTimeStamp */
5224	vmdkSetParentTimeStamp,
5225	/* pfnGetParentFilename */
5226	vmdkGetParentFilename,
5227	/* pfnSetParentFilename */
5228	vmdkSetParentFilename,
5229	/* pfnIsAsyncIOSupported */
5230	vmdkIsAsyncIOSupported,
5231	/* pfnAsyncRead */
5232	vmdkAsyncRead,
5233	/* pfnAsyncWrite */
5234	vmdkAsyncWrite
5235	};

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source: vbox/trunk/src/VBox/Devices/Storage/VmdkHDDCore.cpp@ 10839

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