1 | /** @file
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2 | * IPRT - Timer.
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3 | */
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4 |
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5 | /*
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6 | * Copyright (C) 2006-2024 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
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7 | *
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8 | * This file is part of VirtualBox base platform packages, as
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9 | * available from https://www.virtualbox.org.
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10 | *
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11 | * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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12 | * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
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13 | * as published by the Free Software Foundation, in version 3 of the
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14 | * License.
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15 | *
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16 | * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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17 | * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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18 | * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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19 | * General Public License for more details.
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20 | *
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21 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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22 | * along with this program; if not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses>.
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23 | *
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24 | * The contents of this file may alternatively be used under the terms
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25 | * of the Common Development and Distribution License Version 1.0
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26 | * (CDDL), a copy of it is provided in the "COPYING.CDDL" file included
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27 | * in the VirtualBox distribution, in which case the provisions of the
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28 | * CDDL are applicable instead of those of the GPL.
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29 | *
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30 | * You may elect to license modified versions of this file under the
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31 | * terms and conditions of either the GPL or the CDDL or both.
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32 | *
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33 | * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only OR CDDL-1.0
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34 | */
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35 |
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36 | #ifndef IPRT_INCLUDED_timer_h
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37 | #define IPRT_INCLUDED_timer_h
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38 | #ifndef RT_WITHOUT_PRAGMA_ONCE
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39 | # pragma once
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40 | #endif
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41 |
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42 |
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43 | #include <iprt/cdefs.h>
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44 | #include <iprt/types.h>
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45 |
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46 |
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47 | RT_C_DECLS_BEGIN
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48 |
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49 | /** @defgroup grp_rt_timer RTTimer - Timer
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50 | *
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51 | * The IPRT timer API provides a simple abstraction of recurring and one-shot callback timers.
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52 | *
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53 | * Because of the great variation in the native APIs and the quality of
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54 | * the service delivered by those native APIs, the timers are operated
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55 | * on at best effort basis.
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56 | *
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57 | * All the ring-3 implementations are naturally at the mercy of the scheduler,
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58 | * which means that the callback rate might vary quite a bit and we might skip
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59 | * ticks. Many systems have a restriction that a process can only have one
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60 | * timer. IPRT currently makes no efforts at multiplexing timers in those kind
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61 | * of situations and will simply fail if you try to create more than one timer.
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62 | *
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63 | * Things are generally better in ring-0. The implementations will use interrupt
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64 | * time callbacks wherever available, and if not, resort to a high priority
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65 | * kernel thread.
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66 | *
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67 | * @ingroup grp_rt
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68 | * @{
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69 | */
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70 |
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71 |
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72 | /** Timer handle. */
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73 | typedef struct RTTIMER *PRTTIMER;
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74 |
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75 | /**
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76 | * Timer callback function.
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77 | *
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78 | * The context this call is made in varies with different platforms and
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79 | * kernel / user mode IPRT.
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80 | *
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81 | * In kernel mode a timer callback should not waste time, it shouldn't
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82 | * waste stack and it should be prepared that some APIs might not work
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83 | * correctly because of weird OS restrictions in this context that we
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84 | * haven't discovered and avoided yet. Please fix those APIs so they
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85 | * at least avoid panics and weird behaviour.
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86 | *
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87 | * @param pTimer Timer handle.
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88 | * @param pvUser User argument.
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89 | * @param iTick The current timer tick. This is always 1 on the first
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90 | * callback after the timer was started. For omni timers
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91 | * this will be 1 when a cpu comes back online.
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92 | */
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93 | typedef DECLCALLBACKTYPE(void, FNRTTIMER,(PRTTIMER pTimer, void *pvUser, uint64_t iTick));
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94 | /** Pointer to FNRTTIMER() function. */
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95 | typedef FNRTTIMER *PFNRTTIMER;
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96 |
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97 |
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98 | /**
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99 | * Create a recurring timer.
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100 | *
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101 | * @returns iprt status code.
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102 | * @param ppTimer Where to store the timer handle.
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103 | * @param uMilliesInterval Milliseconds between the timer ticks.
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104 | * This is rounded up to the system granularity.
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105 | * @param pfnTimer Callback function which shall be scheduled for execution
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106 | * on every timer tick.
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107 | * @param pvUser User argument for the callback.
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108 | * @see RTTimerCreateEx, RTTimerStart, RTTimerStop, RTTimerChangeInterval,
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109 | * RTTimerDestroy, RTTimerGetSystemGranularity
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110 | */
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111 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerCreate(PRTTIMER *ppTimer, unsigned uMilliesInterval, PFNRTTIMER pfnTimer, void *pvUser);
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112 |
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113 | /**
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114 | * Create a suspended timer.
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115 | *
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116 | * @returns iprt status code.
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117 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if an unsupported flag was specfied.
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118 | * @retval VERR_CPU_NOT_FOUND if the specified CPU
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119 | *
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120 | * @param ppTimer Where to store the timer handle.
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121 | * @param u64NanoInterval The interval between timer ticks specified in nanoseconds if it's
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122 | * a recurring timer. This is rounded to the fit the system timer granularity.
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123 | * For one shot timers, pass 0.
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124 | * @param fFlags Timer flags.
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125 | * @param pfnTimer Callback function which shall be scheduled for execution
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126 | * on every timer tick.
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127 | * @param pvUser User argument for the callback.
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128 | * @see RTTimerStart, RTTimerStop, RTTimerChangeInterval, RTTimerDestroy,
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129 | * RTTimerGetSystemGranularity, RTTimerCanDoHighResolution
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130 | */
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131 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerCreateEx(PRTTIMER *ppTimer, uint64_t u64NanoInterval, uint32_t fFlags, PFNRTTIMER pfnTimer, void *pvUser);
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132 |
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133 | /** @name RTTimerCreateEx flags
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134 | * @{ */
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135 | /** Any CPU is fine. (Must be 0.) */
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136 | #define RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_ANY UINT32_C(0)
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137 | /** One specific CPU */
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138 | #define RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_SPECIFIC RT_BIT(16)
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139 | /** Omni timer, run on all online CPUs.
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140 | * @remarks The timer callback isn't necessarily running at the time same time on each CPU. */
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141 | #define RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_ALL ( RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_MASK | RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_SPECIFIC )
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142 | /** CPU mask. */
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143 | #define RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_MASK UINT32_C(0xffff)
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144 | /** Desire a high resolution timer that works with RTTimerChangeInterval and
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145 | * isn't subject to RTTimerGetSystemGranularity rounding.
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146 | * @remarks This is quietly ignored if the feature isn't supported. */
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147 | #define RTTIMER_FLAGS_HIGH_RES RT_BIT(17)
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148 | /** Convert a CPU set index (0-based) to RTTimerCreateEx flags.
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149 | * This will automatically OR in the RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_SPECIFIC flag. */
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150 | #define RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU(iCpu) ( (iCpu) | RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_SPECIFIC )
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151 | /** Macro that validates the flags. */
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152 | #define RTTIMER_FLAGS_ARE_VALID(fFlags) \
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153 | ( !((fFlags) & ((fFlags) & RTTIMER_FLAGS_CPU_SPECIFIC ? ~UINT32_C(0x3ffff) : ~UINT32_C(0x30000))) )
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154 | /** @} */
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155 |
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156 | /**
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157 | * Stops and destroys a running timer.
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158 | *
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159 | * @returns iprt status code.
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160 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_CONTEXT if executing at the wrong IRQL (windows), PIL
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161 | * (solaris), or similar. Portable code does not destroy timers with
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162 | * preemption (or interrupts) disabled.
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163 | * @param pTimer Timer to stop and destroy. NULL is ok.
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164 | */
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165 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerDestroy(PRTTIMER pTimer);
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166 |
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167 | /**
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168 | * Starts a suspended timer.
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169 | *
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170 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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171 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_HANDLE if pTimer isn't valid.
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172 | * @retval VERR_TIMER_ACTIVE if the timer isn't suspended.
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173 | * @retval VERR_CPU_OFFLINE if the CPU the timer was created to run on is not
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174 | * online (this include the case where it's not present in the
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175 | * system).
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176 | *
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177 | * @param pTimer The timer to activate.
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178 | * @param u64First The RTTimeSystemNanoTS() for when the timer should start
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179 | * firing (relative). If 0 is specified, the timer will
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180 | * fire ASAP.
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181 | * @remarks When RTTimerCanDoHighResolution returns true, this API is
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182 | * callable with preemption disabled in ring-0.
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183 | * @see RTTimerStop
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184 | */
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185 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerStart(PRTTIMER pTimer, uint64_t u64First);
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186 |
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187 | /**
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188 | * Stops an active timer.
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189 | *
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190 | * @todo May return while the timer callback function is being services on
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191 | * some platforms (ring-0 Windows, ring-0 linux). This needs to be
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192 | * addressed at some point...
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193 | *
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194 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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195 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_HANDLE if pTimer isn't valid.
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196 | * @retval VERR_TIMER_SUSPENDED if the timer isn't active.
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197 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if the IPRT implementation doesn't support
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198 | * stopping a timer.
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199 | *
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200 | * @param pTimer The timer to suspend.
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201 | * @remarks Can be called from the timer callback function to stop it.
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202 | * @see RTTimerStart
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203 | */
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204 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerStop(PRTTIMER pTimer);
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205 |
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206 | /**
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207 | * Changes the interval of a periodic timer.
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208 | *
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209 | * If the timer is active, it is implementation dependent whether the change
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210 | * takes place immediately or after the next tick. To get defined behavior,
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211 | * stop the timer before calling this API.
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212 | *
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213 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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214 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_HANDLE if pTimer isn't valid.
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215 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if not supported.
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216 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_STATE if not a periodic timer.
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217 | *
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218 | * @param pTimer The timer to activate.
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219 | * @param u64NanoInterval The interval between timer ticks specified in
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220 | * nanoseconds. This is rounded to the fit the
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221 | * system timer granularity.
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222 | * @remarks Callable from the timer callback. Callable with preemption
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223 | * disabled in ring-0.
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224 | */
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225 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerChangeInterval(PRTTIMER pTimer, uint64_t u64NanoInterval);
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226 |
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227 | /**
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228 | * Gets the (current) timer granularity of the system.
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229 | *
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230 | * @returns The timer granularity of the system in nanoseconds.
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231 | * @see RTTimerRequestSystemGranularity
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232 | */
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233 | RTDECL(uint32_t) RTTimerGetSystemGranularity(void);
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234 |
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235 | /**
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236 | * Requests a specific system timer granularity.
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237 | *
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238 | * Successfull calls to this API must be coupled with the exact same number of
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239 | * calls to RTTimerReleaseSystemGranularity() in order to undo any changes made.
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240 | *
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241 | *
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242 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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243 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if the requested value isn't supported by the host platform
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244 | * or if the host platform doesn't support modifying the system timer granularity.
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245 | * @retval VERR_PERMISSION_DENIED if the caller doesn't have the necessary privilege to
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246 | * modify the system timer granularity.
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247 | *
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248 | * @param u32Request The requested system timer granularity in nanoseconds.
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249 | * @param pu32Granted Where to store the granted system granularity. This is the value
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250 | * that should be passed to RTTimerReleaseSystemGranularity(). It
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251 | * is what RTTimerGetSystemGranularity() would return immediately
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252 | * after the change was made.
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253 | *
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254 | * The value differ from the request in two ways; rounding and
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255 | * scale. Meaning if your request is for 10.000.000 you might
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256 | * be granted 10.000.055 or 1.000.000.
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257 | * @see RTTimerReleaseSystemGranularity, RTTimerGetSystemGranularity
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258 | */
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259 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerRequestSystemGranularity(uint32_t u32Request, uint32_t *pu32Granted);
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260 |
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261 | /**
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262 | * Releases a system timer granularity grant acquired by RTTimerRequestSystemGranularity().
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263 | *
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264 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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265 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if the host platform doesn't have any way of modifying
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266 | * the system timer granularity.
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267 | * @retval VERR_WRONG_ORDER if nobody call RTTimerRequestSystemGranularity() with the
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268 | * given grant value.
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269 | * @param u32Granted The granted system granularity.
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270 | * @see RTTimerRequestSystemGranularity
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271 | */
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272 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerReleaseSystemGranularity(uint32_t u32Granted);
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273 |
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274 | /**
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275 | * Checks if the system support high resolution timers.
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276 | *
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277 | * The kind of support we are checking for is the kind of dynamically
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278 | * reprogrammable timers employed by recent Solaris and Linux kernels. It also
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279 | * implies that we can specify microsecond (or even better maybe) intervals
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280 | * without getting into trouble.
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281 | *
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282 | * @returns true if supported, false it not.
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283 | *
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284 | * @remarks Returning true also means RTTimerChangeInterval must be implemented
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285 | * and RTTimerStart be callable with preemption disabled.
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286 | */
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287 | RTDECL(bool) RTTimerCanDoHighResolution(void);
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288 |
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289 |
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290 | /**
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291 | * Timer callback function for low res timers.
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292 | *
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293 | * This is identical to FNRTTIMER except for the first parameter, so
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294 | * see FNRTTIMER for details.
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295 | *
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296 | * @param hTimerLR The low resolution timer handle.
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297 | * @param pvUser User argument.
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298 | * @param iTick The current timer tick. This is always 1 on the first
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299 | * callback after the timer was started. Will jump if we've
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300 | * skipped ticks when lagging behind.
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301 | */
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302 | typedef DECLCALLBACKTYPE(void, FNRTTIMERLR,(RTTIMERLR hTimerLR, void *pvUser, uint64_t iTick));
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303 | /** Pointer to FNRTTIMER() function. */
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304 | typedef FNRTTIMERLR *PFNRTTIMERLR;
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305 |
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306 |
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307 | /**
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308 | * Create a recurring low resolution timer.
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309 | *
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310 | * @returns iprt status code.
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311 | * @param phTimerLR Where to store the timer handle.
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312 | * @param uMilliesInterval Milliseconds between the timer ticks, at least 100 ms.
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313 | * If higher resolution is required use the other API.
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314 | * @param pfnTimer Callback function which shall be scheduled for execution
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315 | * on every timer tick.
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316 | * @param pvUser User argument for the callback.
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317 | * @see RTTimerLRCreateEx, RTTimerLRDestroy, RTTimerLRStop
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318 | */
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319 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerLRCreate(PRTTIMERLR phTimerLR, uint32_t uMilliesInterval, PFNRTTIMERLR pfnTimer, void *pvUser);
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320 |
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321 | /**
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322 | * Create a suspended low resolution timer.
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323 | *
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324 | * @returns iprt status code.
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325 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if an unsupported flag was specfied.
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326 | *
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327 | * @param phTimerLR Where to store the timer handle.
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328 | * @param u64NanoInterval The interval between timer ticks specified in nanoseconds if it's
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329 | * a recurring timer, the minimum for is 100000000 ns.
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330 | * For one shot timers, pass 0.
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331 | * @param fFlags Timer flags. Same as RTTimerCreateEx.
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332 | * @param pfnTimer Callback function which shall be scheduled for execution
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333 | * on every timer tick.
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334 | * @param pvUser User argument for the callback.
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335 | * @see RTTimerLRStart, RTTimerLRStop, RTTimerLRDestroy
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336 | */
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337 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerLRCreateEx(PRTTIMERLR phTimerLR, uint64_t u64NanoInterval, uint32_t fFlags, PFNRTTIMERLR pfnTimer, void *pvUser);
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338 |
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339 | /**
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340 | * Stops and destroys a running low resolution timer.
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341 | *
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342 | * @returns iprt status code.
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343 | * @param hTimerLR The low resolution timer to stop and destroy.
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344 | * NIL_RTTIMERLR is accepted.
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345 | */
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346 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerLRDestroy(RTTIMERLR hTimerLR);
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347 |
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348 | /**
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349 | * Starts a low resolution timer.
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350 | *
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351 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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352 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_HANDLE if pTimer isn't valid.
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353 | * @retval VERR_TIMER_ACTIVE if the timer isn't suspended.
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354 | *
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355 | * @param hTimerLR The low resolution timer to activate.
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356 | * @param u64First The RTTimeSystemNanoTS() for when the timer should start
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357 | * firing (relative), the minimum is 100000000 ns.
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358 | * If 0 is specified, the timer will fire ASAP.
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359 | *
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360 | * @see RTTimerLRStop
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361 | */
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362 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerLRStart(RTTIMERLR hTimerLR, uint64_t u64First);
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363 |
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364 | /**
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365 | * Stops an active low resolution timer.
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366 | *
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367 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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368 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_HANDLE if pTimer isn't valid.
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369 | * @retval VERR_TIMER_SUSPENDED if the timer isn't active.
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370 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if the IPRT implementation doesn't support stopping a timer.
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371 | *
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372 | * @param hTimerLR The low resolution timer to suspend.
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373 | *
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374 | * @see RTTimerLRStart
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375 | */
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376 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerLRStop(RTTIMERLR hTimerLR);
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377 |
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378 | /**
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379 | * Changes the interval of a low resolution timer.
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380 | *
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381 | * If the timer is active, the next tick will occure immediately just like with
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382 | * RTTimerLRStart() when u64First parameter is zero.
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383 | *
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384 | * @returns IPRT status code.
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385 | * @retval VERR_INVALID_HANDLE if pTimer isn't valid.
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386 | * @retval VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED if not supported.
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387 | *
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388 | * @param hTimerLR The low resolution timer to update.
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389 | * @param u64NanoInterval The interval between timer ticks specified in
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390 | * nanoseconds. This is rounded to the fit the
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391 | * system timer granularity.
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392 | * @remarks Callable from the timer callback.
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393 | */
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394 | RTDECL(int) RTTimerLRChangeInterval(RTTIMERLR hTimerLR, uint64_t u64NanoInterval);
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395 |
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396 | /** @} */
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397 |
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398 | RT_C_DECLS_END
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399 |
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400 | #endif /* !IPRT_INCLUDED_timer_h */
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