getopt.h@ 23305

Last change on this file since 23305 was 20809, checked in by vboxsync, 16 years ago
Runtime/getopt: new parameter value type 'UUID'
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1	/** @file
2	* IPRT - Command Line Parsing.
3	*/
4
5	/*
6	* Copyright (C) 2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
7	*
8	* This file is part of VirtualBox Open Source Edition (OSE), as
9	* available from http://www.virtualbox.org. This file is free software;
10	* you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
11	* General Public License (GPL) as published by the Free Software
12	* Foundation, in version 2 as it comes in the "COPYING" file of the
13	* VirtualBox OSE distribution. VirtualBox OSE is distributed in the
14	* hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY of any kind.
15	*
16	* The contents of this file may alternatively be used under the terms
17	* of the Common Development and Distribution License Version 1.0
18	* (CDDL) only, as it comes in the "COPYING.CDDL" file of the
19	* VirtualBox OSE distribution, in which case the provisions of the
20	* CDDL are applicable instead of those of the GPL.
21	*
22	* You may elect to license modified versions of this file under the
23	* terms and conditions of either the GPL or the CDDL or both.
24	*
25	* Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa
26	* Clara, CA 95054 USA or visit http://www.sun.com if you need
27	* additional information or have any questions.
28	*/
29
30	#ifndef ___iprt_getopt_h
31	#define ___iprt_getopt_h
32
33
34	#include <iprt/cdefs.h>
35	#include <iprt/types.h>
36
37	RT_C_DECLS_BEGIN
38
39	/** @defgroup grp_rt_getopt RTGetOpt - Command Line Parsing
40	* @ingroup grp_rt
41	* @{
42	*/
43
44	/** @name RTGETOPTDEF::fFlags
45	*
46	* @remarks When neither of the RTGETOPT_FLAG_HEX, RTGETOPT_FLAG_OCT and RTGETOPT_FLAG_DEC
47	* flags are specified with a integer value format, RTGetOpt will default to
48	* decimal but recognize the 0x prefix when present. RTGetOpt will not look for
49	* for the octal prefix (0).
50	* @{ */
51	/** Requires no extra argument.
52	* (Can be assumed to be 0 for ever.) */
53	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_NOTHING 0
54	/** A value is required or error will be returned. */
55	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_STRING 1
56	/** The value must be a valid signed 8-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
57	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_INT8 2
58	/** The value must be a valid unsigned 8-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
59	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT8 3
60	/** The value must be a valid signed 16-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
61	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_INT16 4
62	/** The value must be a valid unsigned 16-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
63	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT16 5
64	/** The value must be a valid signed 32-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
65	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_INT32 6
66	/** The value must be a valid unsigned 32-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
67	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT32 7
68	/** The value must be a valid signed 64-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
69	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_INT64 8
70	/** The value must be a valid unsigned 64-bit integer or an error will be returned. */
71	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT64 9
72	/** The value must be a valid IPv4 address.
73	* (Not a name, but 4 values in the 0..255 range with dots separating them). */
74	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_IPV4ADDR 10
75	#if 0
76	/** The value must be a valid IPv4 CIDR.
77	* As with RTGETOPT_REQ_IPV4ADDR, no name.
78	* @todo Mix CIDR with types.h or/and net.h first and find a way to make the
79	* mask optional like with ifconfig. See RTCidrStrToIPv4. */
80	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_IPV4CIDR 11
81	#endif
82	/** The value must be a valid ethernet MAC address. */
83	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_MACADDR 14
84	/** The value must be a valid UUID. */
85	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_UUID 15
86	/** The mask of the valid required types. */
87	#define RTGETOPT_REQ_MASK 15
88	/** Treat the value as hexadecimal - only applicable with the RTGETOPT_REQ_INT. */
89	#define RTGETOPT_FLAG_HEX RT_BIT(16)
90	/** Treat the value as octal - only applicable with the RTGETOPT_REQ_INT. */
91	#define RTGETOPT_FLAG_OCT RT_BIT(17)
92	/** Treat the value as decimal - only applicable with the RTGETOPT_REQ_INT. */
93	#define RTGETOPT_FLAG_DEC RT_BIT(18)
94	/** Mask of valid bits - for validation. */
95	#define RTGETOPT_VALID_MASK ( RTGETOPT_REQ_MASK \| RTGETOPT_FLAG_HEX \| RTGETOPT_FLAG_OCT \| RTGETOPT_FLAG_DEC )
96	/** @} */
97
98	/**
99	* An option definition.
100	*/
101	typedef struct RTGETOPTDEF
102	{
103	/** The long option.
104	* This is optional */
105	const char *pszLong;
106	/** The short option character.
107	* This doesn't have to be a character, it may also be a \#define or enum value if
108	* there isn't any short version of this option. Must be greater than 0. */
109	int iShort;
110	/** The flags (RTGETOPT_). /
111	unsigned fFlags;
112	} RTGETOPTDEF;
113	/** Pointer to an option definition. */
114	typedef RTGETOPTDEF *PRTGETOPTDEF;
115	/** Pointer to an const option definition. */
116	typedef const RTGETOPTDEF *PCRTGETOPTDEF;
117
118	/**
119	* Option argument union.
120	*
121	* What ends up here depends on argument format in the option definition.
122	*
123	* @remarks Integers will bet put in the \a i and \a u members and sign/zero extended
124	* according to the signedness indicated by the \a fFlags. So, you can choose
125	* use which ever of the integer members for accessing the value regardless
126	* of restrictions indicated in the \a fFlags.
127	*/
128	typedef union RTGETOPTUNION
129	{
130	/** Pointer to the definition on failure or when the option doesn't take an argument.
131	* This can be NULL for some errors. */
132	PCRTGETOPTDEF pDef;
133	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_STRING option argument. */
134	const char *psz;
135
136	#if !defined(RT_ARCH_AMD64) && !defined(RT_ARCH_X86)
137	# error "PORTME: big-endian systems will need to fix the layout here to get the next two fields working right"
138	#endif
139
140	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_INT8 option argument. */
141	int8_t i8;
142	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT8 option argument . */
143	uint8_t u8;
144	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_INT16 option argument. */
145	int16_t i16;
146	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT16 option argument . */
147	uint16_t u16;
148	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_INT16 option argument. */
149	int32_t i32;
150	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT32 option argument . */
151	uint32_t u32;
152	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_INT64 option argument. */
153	int64_t i64;
154	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_UINT64 option argument. */
155	uint64_t u64;
156	#ifdef ___iprt_net_h
157	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_IPV4ADDR option argument. */
158	RTNETADDRIPV4 IPv4Addr;
159	#endif
160	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_MACADDR option argument. */
161	RTMAC MacAddr;
162	/** A RTGETOPT_REQ_UUID option argument. */
163	RTUUID Uuid;
164	/** A signed integer value. */
165	int64_t i;
166	/** An unsigned integer value. */
167	uint64_t u;
168	} RTGETOPTUNION;
169	/** Pointer to an option argument union. */
170	typedef RTGETOPTUNION *PRTGETOPTUNION;
171	/** Pointer to a const option argument union. */
172	typedef RTGETOPTUNION const *PCRTGETOPTUNION;
173
174
175	/**
176	* RTGetOpt state.
177	*/
178	typedef struct RTGETOPTSTATE
179	{
180	/** The next argument. */
181	int iNext;
182	/** Argument array. */
183	char **argv;
184	/** Number of items in argv. */
185	int argc;
186	/** Option definition array. */
187	PCRTGETOPTDEF paOptions;
188	/** Number of items in paOptions. */
189	size_t cOptions;
190	/** The next short option.
191	* (For parsing ls -latrT4 kind of option lists.) */
192	const char *pszNextShort;
193	/** The option definition which matched. NULL otherwise. */
194	PCRTGETOPTDEF pDef;
195	/* More members will be added later for dealing with initial
196	call, optional sorting, '--' and so on. */
197	} RTGETOPTSTATE;
198	/** Pointer to RTGetOpt state. */
199	typedef RTGETOPTSTATE *PRTGETOPTSTATE;
200
201
202	/**
203	* Initialize the RTGetOpt state.
204	*
205	* The passed in argument vector may be sorted if fFlags indicates that this is
206	* desired (to be implemented).
207	*
208	* @returns VINF_SUCCESS, VERR_INVALID_PARAMETER or VERR_INVALID_POINTER.
209	* @param pState The state.
210	*
211	* @param argc Argument count, to be copied from what comes in with
212	* main().
213	* @param argv Argument array, to be copied from what comes in with
214	* main(). This may end up being modified by the
215	* option/argument sorting.
216	* @param paOptions Array of RTGETOPTDEF structures, which must specify what
217	* options are understood by the program.
218	* @param cOptions Number of array items passed in with paOptions.
219	* @param iFirst The argument to start with (in argv).
220	* @param fFlags The flags. MBZ for now.
221	*/
222	RTDECL(int) RTGetOptInit(PRTGETOPTSTATE pState, int argc, char **argv,
223	PCRTGETOPTDEF paOptions, size_t cOptions,
224	int iFirst, uint32_t fFlags);
225
226	/**
227	* Command line argument parser, handling both long and short options and checking
228	* argument formats, if desired.
229	*
230	* This is to be called in a loop until it returns 0 (meaning that all options
231	* were parsed) or a negative value (meaning that an error occured). How non-option
232	* arguments are dealt with depends on the flags passed to RTGetOptInit. The default
233	* (fFlags = 0) is to return VINF_GETOPT_NOT_OPTION with pValueUnion->psz pointing to
234	* the argument string.
235	*
236	* For example, for a program which takes the following options:
237	*
238	* --optwithstring (or -s) and a string argument;
239	* --optwithint (or -i) and a 32-bit signed integer argument;
240	* --verbose (or -v) with no arguments,
241	*
242	* code would look something like this:
243	*
244	* @code
245	int main(int argc, char **argv)
246	{
247	RTR3Init();
248
249	static const RTGETOPTDEF s_aOptions[] =
250	{
251	{ "--optwithstring", 's', RTGETOPT_REQ_STRING },
252	{ "--optwithint", 'i', RTGETOPT_REQ_INT32 },
253	{ "--verbose", 'v', 0 },
254	};
255
256	int ch;
257	RTGETOPTUNION ValueUnion;
258	RTGETOPTSTATE GetState;
259	RTGetOptInit(&GetState, argc, argv, s_aOptions, RT_ELEMENTS(s_aOptions), 1, 0);
260	while ((ch = RTGetOpt(&GetState, &ValueUnion)))
261	{
262	// for options that require an argument, ValueUnion has received the value
263	switch (ch)
264	{
265	case 's': // --optwithstring or -s
266	// string argument, copy ValueUnion.psz
267	break;
268
269	case 'i': // --optwithint or -i
270	// integer argument, copy ValueUnion.i32
271	break;
272
273	case 'v': // --verbose or -v
274	g_fOptVerbose = true;
275	break;
276
277	case VINF_GETOPT_NOT_OPTION:
278	// handle non-option argument in ValueUnion.psz.
279	break;
280
281	default:
282	if (ch > 0)
283	{
284	if (RT_C_IS_GRAPH(ch))
285	Error("unhandled option: -%c\n", ch);
286	else
287	Error("unhandled option: %i\n", ch);
288	}
289	else if (ch == VERR_GETOPT_UNKNOWN_OPTION)
290	Error("unknown option: %s\n", ValueUnion.psz);
291	else if (ValueUnion.pDef)
292	Error("%s: %Rrs\n", ValueUnion.pDef->pszLong, ch);
293	else
294	Error("%Rrs\n", ch);
295	return 1;
296	}
297	}
298
299	return 0;
300	}
301	@endcode
302	*
303	* @returns 0 when done parsing.
304	* @returns the iShort value of the option. pState->pDef points to the option
305	* definition which matched.
306	* @returns IPRT error status on parse error.
307	* @returns VINF_GETOPT_NOT_OPTION when encountering a non-option argument and
308	* RTGETOPT_FLAG_SORT was not specified. pValueUnion->psz points to the
309	* argument string.
310	* @returns VERR_GETOPT_UNKNOWN_OPTION when encountering an unknown option.
311	* pValueUnion->psz points to the option string.
312	* @returns VERR_GETOPT_REQUIRED_ARGUMENT_MISSING and pValueUnion->pDef if
313	* a required argument (aka value) was missing for an option.
314	* @returns VERR_GETOPT_INVALID_ARGUMENT_FORMAT and pValueUnion->pDef if
315	* argument (aka value) conversion failed.
316	*
317	* @param pState The state previously initialized with RTGetOptInit.
318	* @param pValueUnion Union with value; in the event of an error, psz member
319	* points to erroneous parameter; otherwise, for options
320	* that require an argument, this contains the value of
321	* that argument, depending on the type that is required.
322	*/
323	RTDECL(int) RTGetOpt(PRTGETOPTSTATE pState, PRTGETOPTUNION pValueUnion);
324
325	/** @} */
326
327	RT_C_DECLS_END
328
329	#endif
330

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source: vbox/trunk/include/iprt/getopt.h@ 23305

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