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1 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
2 Version 2, June 1991
3
4 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
6 02111-1307, USA.
7 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
8 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
9
10 Preamble
11
12 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
13freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
14License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
15software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
16General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
17Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
18using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
19the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
20your programs, too.
21
22 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
23price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
24have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
25this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
26if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
27in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
28
29 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
30anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
31These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
32distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
33
34 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
35gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
36you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
37source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
38rights.
39
40 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
41(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
42distribute and/or modify the software.
43
44 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
45that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
46software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
47want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
48that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
49authors' reputations.
50
51 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
52patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
53program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
54program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
55patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
56
57 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
58modification follow.
59
60
61 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
62 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
63
64 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
65a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
66under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
67refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
68means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
69that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
70either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
71language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
72the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
73
74Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
75covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
76running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
77is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
78Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
79Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
80
81 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
82source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
83conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
84copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
85notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
86and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
87along with the Program.
88
89You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
90you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
91
92 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
93of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
94distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
95above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
96
97 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
98 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
99
100 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
101 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
102 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
103 parties under the terms of this License.
104
105 c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
106 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
107 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
108 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
109 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
110 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
111 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
112 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
113 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
114 the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
115
116
117These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
118identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
119and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
120themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
121sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
122distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
123on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
124this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
125entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
126
127Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
128your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
129exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
130collective works based on the Program.
131
132In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
133with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
134a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
135the scope of this License.
136
137 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
138under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
139Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
140
141 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
142 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
143 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
144
145 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
146 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
147 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
148 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
149 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
150 customarily used for software interchange; or,
151
152 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
153 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
154 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
155 received the program in object code or executable form with such
156 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
157
158The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
159making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
160code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
161associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
162control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
163special exception, the source code distributed need not include
164anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
165form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
166operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
167itself accompanies the executable.
168
169If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
170access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
171access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
172distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
173compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
174
175
176 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
177except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
178otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
179void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
180However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
181this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
182parties remain in full compliance.
183
184 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
185signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
186distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
187prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
188modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
189Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
190all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
191the Program or works based on it.
192
193 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
194Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
195original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
196these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
197restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
198You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
199this License.
200
201 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
202infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
203conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
204otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
205excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
206distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
207License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
208may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
209license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
210all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
211the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
212refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
213
214If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
215any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
216apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
217circumstances.
218
219It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
220patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
221such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
222integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
223implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
224generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
225through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
226system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
227to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
228impose that choice.
229
230This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
231be a consequence of the rest of this License.
232
233
234 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
235certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
236original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
237may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
238those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
239countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
240the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
241
242 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
243of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
244be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
245address new problems or concerns.
246
247Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
248specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
249later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
250either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
251Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
252this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
253Foundation.
254
255 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
256programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
257to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
258Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
259make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
260of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
261of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
262
263 NO WARRANTY
264
265 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
266FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
267OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
268PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
269OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
270MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
271TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
272PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
273REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
274
275 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
276WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
277REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
278INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
279OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
280TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
281YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
282PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
283POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
284
285 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
286
287
288 Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
289
290 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
291possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
292free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
293
294 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
295to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
296convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
297the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
298
299 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
300 Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author>
301
302 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
303 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
304 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
305 (at your option) any later version.
306
307 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
308 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
309 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
310 GNU General Public License for more details.
311
312 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
313 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
314 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
315
316Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
317
318If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
319when it starts in an interactive mode:
320
321 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
322 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
323 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
324 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
325
326The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
327parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
328be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
329mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
330
331You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
332school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
333necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
334
335 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
336 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
337
338 <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
339 Ty Coon, President of Vice
340
341This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
342proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
343consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
344library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
345Public License instead of this License.
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